Study Data · Part 1 · Indicator Deep-Dive Analysis

Use Case

Indicator ENG:Use Case · By Phil Hatch · Akholi · October 9, 2026

Indicator Specification

Table 1. Indicator specificationTable
FieldValue
Indicator codeNone, an engagement field
Question as askedUse Case
Failure categoryNot one of the 100 rated indicators
Place in the surveyNot a survey item
Indicator classEngagement attribute
Indicator typeEngagement attribute, categorical
Response scaleLevels: Corporate and back-office functions, Technology engineering and operations, Client servicing and communications, Trade, settlement and reconciliation, Payments, cards and disputes, Credit, underwriting and suitability, Regulatory, audit, tax and legal, Financial crime and client onboarding
Answering base150 engagements
Non-answersNone, the value is recorded for every engagement
Written responses coded to the indicator33 responses from 33 respondents on 24 engagements (0 primary, 33 secondary)

Summary of Findings

Table 2. Key results: association of the indicator with the four study measuresTable
MeasureEffect sizenValuep
Cancellation rateOmega squared, 0 or 1 flag125 engagements0.0280.113
Customer satisfactionOmega squared63 engagements−0.0270.850
Engagement indicator meanOmega squared125 engagements0.0030.325
Intent to leaveOmega squared125 engagements0.0310.155

Corporate and back-office functions was the most common process family (47 of 150 engagements, 31.33%), ahead of Technology engineering and operations (35 of 150 engagements, 23.33%). Cancellation ranged from Payments, cards and disputes at the low end (16.67% canceled, n = 12 engagements) to Client servicing and communications at the high end (56.25% canceled, n = 16 engagements), with no difference under test (chi-square 7.48, p 0.113, Cramer’s V 0.24, n = 125 engagements). Customer satisfaction on active engagements ranged from Corporate and back-office functions (mean 63.5, n = 28 engagements) to Payments, cards and disputes (mean 65.6, n = 10 engagements), with no difference under test (Welch F 0.16, p 0.850, omega squared −0.027, n = 63 engagements). The engagement indicator mean was lowest for Trade, settlement and reconciliation (mean 3.6, n = 15 engagements) and highest for Payments, cards and disputes (mean 4.4, n = 12 engagements), with no difference under test (Welch F 1.20, p 0.325, omega squared 0.003, n = 125 engagements). Intent to leave was lowest for Payments, cards and disputes (mean 5.2, n = 12 engagements) and highest for Trade, settlement and reconciliation (mean 7.5, n = 15 engagements), with no difference under test (Welch F 1.77, p 0.155, omega squared 0.031, n = 125 engagements). The process family mix differed after Holm control by outsourcing model (chi-square 157.43, Holm p < 0.001, Cramer’s V 0.59), by institution type (chi-square 79.87, Holm p 0.036, Cramer’s V 0.28), and by class of work (chi-square 78.91, Holm p < 0.001, Cramer’s V 0.73).

The indicator had 33 written responses coded to it, from 33 of 850 respondents on 24 of 150 engagements. Negative responses numbered 6 of the 33 scored responses (18.18%). No response carried the strongest negative score, −10. Every response was a secondary response.

Distribution of Recorded Values

Table 3. Distribution of recorded valuesTable
AnswerEngagementsShare of answered (base 150)Cumulative shareEngagements with at least oneShare of 150 engagementsDistressed
Corporate and back-office functions4731.33%31.33%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement levelNot applicable
Technology engineering and operations3523.33%54.67%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement levelNot applicable
Client servicing and communications1610.67%65.33%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement levelNot applicable
Trade, settlement and reconciliation1510.00%75.33%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement levelNot applicable
Payments, cards and disputes128.00%83.33%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement levelNot applicable
Credit, underwriting and suitability96.00%89.33%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement levelNot applicable
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal96.00%95.33%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement levelNot applicable
Financial crime and client onboarding74.67%100.00%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement levelNot applicable
Answered, total150100.00%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement level

The value was recorded once per engagement, so every share counts out of 150 engagements.

Distressed is not applicable, because the answer has no good or bad end on a scale.

Coverage and Origin of Written Responses

Figure 1. Written responses coded to the indicator, by the question answered and by written score (n = 33 responses)Exhibit
0102030C156 (secondary)C177 (secondary)C135 (secondary)C114 (secondary)C030 (secondary)25Written responses−10 Strongly negative−5 Negative0 Neutral+5 Positive+10 Strongly positive
Note: The indicator is an engagement field with no survey section of its own. Every written response coded to it therefore answered a question in a survey section and was counted as a secondary response, coded to the indicator because its content addressed it. Segments run from −10, strongly negative, in full amber at the left to +10, strongly positive, in the darkest gray at the right. Segments of 3 or more responses are labeled with their count where the drawn segment can hold the label. C030 asked: “What are the top 3 things that you love most about your job?” C114 asked: “Add any comments on the customer organization that the ratings in this section do not capture.” C135 asked: “Add any comments on your employer that the ratings in this section do not capture.” C177 asked: “Add any comments on the agentic AI tools that the ratings in this section do not capture.” C156 asked: “Add any comments on the joint management of this engagement that the ratings in this section do not capture.”
Table 4. Written responses by originTable
OriginResponsesRespondentsEngagementsNegativeStrongest negative (−10)PositiveMean written score
Primary000a
Secondary3333246 of 33 (18.18%)0 of 33 (0.00%)27 of 33 (81.82%)3.3
All responses3333246 of 33 (18.18%)0 of 33 (0.00%)27 of 33 (81.82%)3.3
Note: a No scored responses.

All 33 responses were secondary responses. The secondary responses came from 33 respondents on 24 engagements, in answer to 5 questions (most often C030 with 26 responses, C114 with 2 responses, C135 with 2 responses and C177 with 2 responses). Among the Part 1 indicators with 30 or more scored responses, the secondary share of the indicator ranked 1 of 6 from the highest, tied with 4 other indicators. The median secondary share was 100.00% across the 6 indicators.

Distribution of Written Sentiment

Figure 2. Distribution of written sentiment (n = 33 scored responses)Exhibit
0 (0.00%)−10 Stronglynegative6 (18.18%)−5 Negative0 (0.00%)0 Neutral26 (78.79%)+5 Positive1 (3.03%)+10 Stronglypositive
Note: Column height is the share of all scored responses. Labels give the count and the share.
Table 5. Summary statistics of written sentimentTable
StatisticValueBasis
Mean written score3.395% CI 1.8 to 4.6, cluster bootstrap by engagement, 10,000 draws, n = 33 responses
Median written score5.0n = 33 responses
Negative responses6 of 33 (18.18%)95% CI 6.45% to 32.35% of 33 responses, cluster bootstrap by engagement
Strongest negative responses (−10)0 of 33 (0.00%)Statements of totality, constancy or serious harm
Positive responses27 of 33 (81.82%)+5 or +10
Net balance63.64 percentage pointsShare positive minus share negative, base 33 responses
Respondent-level mean3.3Mean of each respondent’s own mean written score, n = 33 respondents

The indicator has no good or bad end. Under the coding rulebook’s rule for such indicators, the written score records the effect each response states on the engagement or on the respondent. The engagement field is “ENG:Use Case.” The frequency, scope and consequence a response states set the strength of its score. A score of +10 marks a response that describes “this attribute of the engagement as helping the engagement at its best.” A score of −10 marks a response that describes “this attribute as harming the engagement at its worst . . . .”

Of the 33 scored responses, 6 (18.18%) were negative, none carried the strongest negative score and 27 (81.82%) were positive. The responses had a mean written score of 3.3 (95% CI 1.8 to 4.6, n = 33 responses on 24 engagements).

Descriptive Statistics by Segment

Table 6a. Descriptive statistics by segment, part 1 of 2Table
SegmentBaseAnsweredAnswer rateEngagementsCorporate and back-office functions, shareTechnology engineering and operations, share
Study set150150100.00% of 15015031.33%23.33%
Outsourcing model
CXM4242100.00% of 424247.62%9.52%
ITO4040100.00% of 40400.00%77.50%
BPO3737100.00% of 373735.14%0.00%
KPO3131100.00% of 313145.16%0.00%
Institution type
Asset management2424100.00% of 242441.67%25.00%
Wealth management and private banking2323100.00% of 232321.74%21.74%
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)1919100.00% of 191931.58%31.58%
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)1414100.00% of 141421.43%14.29%
Commercial and business banking1313100.00% of 131323.08%15.38%
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)1313100.00% of 131315.38%30.77%
Credit card and payments issuing1212100.00% of 121233.33%16.67%
Retail and consumer banking1212100.00% of 121233.33%25.00%
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)1111100.00% of 111154.55%18.18%
Private equity and private capital999 of 9943
Process family
Corporate and back-office functionsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Technology engineering and operationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Client servicing and communicationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Trade, settlement and reconciliationIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Payments, cards and disputesIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Credit, underwriting and suitabilityIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Regulatory, audit, tax and legalIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Financial crime and client onboardingIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Class of work
LOB Operational7676100.00% of 767611.84%9.21%
Corporate Functional7474100.00% of 747451.35%37.84%
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out3131100.00% of 313122.58%32.26%
Active, Transition/Cut-Over4343100.00% of 434337.21%25.58%
Active, Production2020100.00% of 202025.00%20.00%
Canceled5656100.00% of 565633.93%17.86%
Table 6b. Descriptive statistics by segment, part 2 of 2Table
SegmentClient servicing and communications, shareTrade, settlement and reconciliation, sharePayments, cards and disputes, shareCredit, underwriting and suitability, shareRegulatory, audit, tax and legal, share
Study set10.67%10.00%8.00%6.00%6.00%
Outsourcing model
CXM26.19%0.00%9.52%2.38%2.38%
ITO7.50%2.50%5.00%0.00%5.00%
BPO2.70%29.73%16.22%5.41%0.00%
KPO3.23%9.68%0.00%19.35%19.35%
Institution type
Asset management8.33%20.83%0.00%0.00%0.00%
Wealth management and private banking21.74%8.70%4.35%8.70%13.04%
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)5.26%21.05%0.00%0.00%5.26%
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)35.71%0.00%0.00%21.43%7.14%
Commercial and business banking15.38%0.00%15.38%15.38%7.69%
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)0.00%15.38%15.38%0.00%7.69%
Credit card and payments issuing0.00%0.00%41.67%8.33%0.00%
Retail and consumer banking8.33%0.00%16.67%8.33%8.33%
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)0.00%9.09%0.00%0.00%9.09%
Private equity and private capital01000
Process family
Corporate and back-office functionsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Technology engineering and operationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Client servicing and communicationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Trade, settlement and reconciliationIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Payments, cards and disputesIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Credit, underwriting and suitabilityIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Regulatory, audit, tax and legalIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Financial crime and client onboardingIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Class of work
LOB Operational19.74%17.11%15.79%11.84%5.26%
Corporate Functional1.35%2.70%0.00%0.00%6.76%
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out9.68%3.23%16.13%12.90%3.23%
Active, Transition/Cut-Over4.65%9.30%4.65%6.98%6.98%
Active, Production10.00%10.00%15.00%5.00%5.00%
Canceled16.07%14.29%3.57%1.79%7.14%
Table 7. Descriptive statistics by segment, remaining answer levelsTable
SegmentBaseAnsweredAnswer rateEngagementsFinancial crime and client onboarding, share
Study set150150100.00% of 1501504.67%
Outsourcing model
CXM4242100.00% of 42422.38%
ITO4040100.00% of 40402.50%
BPO3737100.00% of 373710.81%
KPO3131100.00% of 31313.23%
Institution type
Asset management2424100.00% of 24244.17%
Wealth management and private banking2323100.00% of 23230.00%
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)1919100.00% of 19195.26%
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)1414100.00% of 14140.00%
Commercial and business banking1313100.00% of 13137.69%
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)1313100.00% of 131315.38%
Credit card and payments issuing1212100.00% of 12120.00%
Retail and consumer banking1212100.00% of 12120.00%
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)1111100.00% of 11119.09%
Private equity and private capital999 of 991
Process family
Corporate and back-office functionsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Technology engineering and operationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Client servicing and communicationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Trade, settlement and reconciliationIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Payments, cards and disputesIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Credit, underwriting and suitabilityIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Regulatory, audit, tax and legalIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Financial crime and client onboardingIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Class of work
LOB Operational7676100.00% of 76769.21%
Corporate Functional7474100.00% of 74740.00%
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out3131100.00% of 31310.00%
Active, Transition/Cut-Over4343100.00% of 43434.65%
Active, Production2020100.00% of 202010.00%
Canceled5656100.00% of 56565.36%

Shares are of the answered engagements in each row, which is the base beside them. A row under 10 prints counts in place of shares.

Tests of Difference Between Segments

Table 8. Tests of difference between segmentsTable
Segment familyUnitChi-squaredfpHolm pCramer’s VTest for pLevels left out
Outsourcing modelEngagement157.4321< 0.001< 0.0010.59Monte Carlo, simulatedNone
Institution typeEngagement79.87560.0180.0360.28Monte Carlo, simulateda
Process familyIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Class of workEngagement78.917< 0.001< 0.0010.73Monte Carlo, simulatedNone
Engagement status and lifecycle stageEngagement22.40210.3830.3830.22Monte Carlo, simulatedNone
Note: a Private equity and private capital, n = 9.

Engagement families were tested on engagement answers, and respondent role and vendor type were tested on respondents. Outsourcing model differed in the answer mix after Holm control (chi-square 157.43, Holm p < 0.001, Cramer’s V 0.59). Institution type differed in the answer mix after Holm control (chi-square 79.87, Holm p 0.036, Cramer’s V 0.28). Class of work differed in the answer mix after Holm control (chi-square 78.91, Holm p < 0.001, Cramer’s V 0.73). No difference held after Holm control for engagement status and lifecycle stage.

Written Sentiment by Segment

Figure 3. Written sentiment by engagement status and lifecycle stage, share of each group’s responsesExhibit
0%25%50%75%100%Canceled (n = 10)30.00%70.00%Active, Production (n = 1)1 of 1Active, Transition/Cut-Over (n = 11)27.27%72.73%Active, Build-Out (n = 11)100.00%All responses (n = 33)18.18%78.79%−10 Strongly negative−5 Negative0 Neutral+5 Positive+10 Strongly positive
Note: Segments run from −10, strongly negative, in full amber at the left to +10, strongly positive, in the darkest gray at the right. Each bar is 100% of its group’s responses. Segments of 12% or more are labeled, as a share on groups of 10 responses or more and as a count on smaller groups.
Table 9. Written sentiment by segmentTable
SegmentResponsesRespondentsEngagementsMean written scoreNegativeStrongest negative (−10)
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out111165.00 of 11 (0.00%)0 of 11 (0.00%)
Active, Transition/Cut-Over111172.33 of 11 (27.27%)0 of 11 (0.00%)
Active, Production111‡0 of 10 of 1
Canceled1010102.03 of 10 (30.00%)0 of 10 (0.00%)
Respondent role
Individual Contributor2222172.75 of 22 (22.73%)0 of 22 (0.00%)
Engagement Manager888‡1 of 80 of 8
Portfolio Director333‡0 of 30 of 3
Customer Management Executive000No responses
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

Scored responses came from 6 engagements in the Active, Build-Out group, 7 engagements in the Active, Transition/Cut-Over group, 1 engagement in the Active, Production group and 10 engagements in the Canceled group. A test of mean written scores across the groups, with each engagement counted once, showed no difference that reached significance at 0.05 (Kruskal-Wallis H 2.90, df 2, p = 0.235, n = 23 engagements). The test compared the Active, Build-Out group, the Active, Transition/Cut-Over group and the Canceled group. It left out the Active, Production group, which held fewer than two engagements. Groups under 10 responses are reported as counts only. Negative responses numbered 0 of 1 in the Active, Production group.

Across respondent roles, no test was run, because fewer than two roles reached 30 scored responses. Roles under 10 responses are reported as counts only. Among engagement managers, negative responses numbered 1 of 8. Among portfolio directors, negative responses numbered 0 of 3.

Association with Cancellation Rate

The share of engagements canceled on the study date, measured at engagement level (base 150 engagements, 56 canceled). The association is a descriptive contrast, inflated because canceled engagements were rated after cancellation, and is not predictive.

The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.

Table 10. Association with cancellation rate by answer levelTable
Answer levelEngagementsCanceledCancellation rate
Corporate and back-office functions471940.43%
Technology engineering and operations351028.57%
Client servicing and communications16956.25%
Trade, settlement and reconciliation15853.33%
Payments, cards and disputes12216.67%
Credit, underwriting and suitability91‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal94‡
Financial crime and client onboarding73‡
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.

Table 11. Association with cancellation rate, tests across answer levels by segmentTable
SegmentEngagementsChi-squaredfpHolm pCramer’s VTest for p
Study set1257.4840.1140.4560.24Monte Carlo, simulated
Outsourcing model
CXM310.0911.0001.0000.05Fisher exact
ITOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
BPO240.1211.0001.0000.07Fisher exact
KPOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Institution type
Asset managementFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Wealth management and private bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Commercial and business bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit card and payments issuingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Retail and consumer bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Private equity and private capital9‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functionsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Technology engineering and operationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Client servicing and communicationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Trade, settlement and reconciliationIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Payments, cards and disputesIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Credit, underwriting and suitabilityIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Regulatory, audit, tax and legalIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Financial crime and client onboardingIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Class of work
LOB Operational406.5420.0380.1900.40chi-square
Corporate Functional661.2810.2590.7760.14chi-square
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-OutNot computable, no variation in cancellation
Active, Transition/Cut-OverNot computable, no variation in cancellation
Active, ProductionNot computable, no variation in cancellation
CanceledNot computable, no variation in cancellation
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

Cancellation in the study set did not differ across answer levels (Monte Carlo, simulated, chi-square 7.48, p 0.113, n = 125 engagements).

Association with Customer Satisfaction

The satisfaction score recorded against each engagement on a 100-point scale. The primary estimate uses the 94 active engagements. A descriptive contrast uses all 150 engagements.

The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.

Table 12. Association with customer satisfaction by answer levelTable
Answer levelEngagementsMean of the measureSD
Corporate and back-office functions2863.512.4
Technology engineering and operations2565.111.0
Client servicing and communications7‡
Trade, settlement and reconciliation7‡
Payments, cards and disputes1065.611.5
Credit, underwriting and suitability8‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal5‡
Financial crime and client onboarding4‡
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.

Table 13. Association with customer satisfaction, tests across answer levels by segmentTable
SegmentEngagementsWelch FdfpHolm pOmega squared90% CI
Study set630.162, 25.60.8501.000−0.0270.000 to 0.038
Outsourcing model
CXMFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
ITOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
BPOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
KPOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Institution type
Asset managementFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Wealth management and private bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)9‡
Commercial and business banking9‡
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit card and payments issuing7‡
Retail and consumer banking8‡
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)8‡
Private equity and private capital7‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functionsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Technology engineering and operationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Client servicing and communicationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Trade, settlement and reconciliationIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Payments, cards and disputesIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Credit, underwriting and suitabilityIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Regulatory, audit, tax and legalIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Financial crime and client onboardingIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Class of work
LOB OperationalFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Corporate Functional420.011, 40.00.9061.000−0.0240.000 to 0.029
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-OutFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Active, Transition/Cut-Over270.041, 23.70.8371.000−0.037†
Active, ProductionFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Canceledno clean estimate, canceled engagements fall outside the active population
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported. † Base under 30. No interval is reported.

The measure in the study set did not differ across answer levels (Welch F 0.16, p 0.850, n = 63 engagements). The clean estimate ran inside active engagements only.

Association with the Engagement Indicator Mean

The mean of an engagement’s 100 indicator ratings, measured at engagement level (base 150 engagements). Where this indicator is one of the 100, the mean is recomputed without it.

The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.

Table 14. Association with the engagement indicator mean by answer levelTable
Answer levelEngagementsMean of the measureSD
Corporate and back-office functions473.91.6
Technology engineering and operations354.31.3
Client servicing and communications163.71.6
Trade, settlement and reconciliation153.61.4
Payments, cards and disputes124.41.3
Credit, underwriting and suitability9‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal9‡
Financial crime and client onboarding7‡
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.

Table 15. Association with the engagement indicator mean, tests across answer levels by segmentTable
SegmentEngagementsWelch FdfpHolm pOmega squared90% CI
Study set1251.204, 39.70.3251.0000.0030.000 to 0.074
Outsourcing model
CXM310.031, 19.80.8561.000−0.0320.000 to 0.066
ITOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
BPO240.201, 20.20.6631.000−0.034†
KPOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Institution type
Asset managementFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Wealth management and private bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Commercial and business bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit card and payments issuingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Retail and consumer bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Private equity and private capital9‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functionsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Technology engineering and operationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Client servicing and communicationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Trade, settlement and reconciliationIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Payments, cards and disputesIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Credit, underwriting and suitabilityIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Regulatory, audit, tax and legalIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Financial crime and client onboardingIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Class of work
LOB Operational401.692, 24.60.2051.0000.0220.000 to 0.198
Corporate Functional660.881, 63.70.3531.000−0.0030.000 to 0.089
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-OutFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Active, Transition/Cut-Over270.001, 23.40.9671.000−0.038†
Active, ProductionFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Canceled291.711, 19.90.2061.0000.021†
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

The measure in the study set did not differ across answer levels (Welch F 1.20, p 0.325, n = 125 engagements).

Association with Intent to Leave

The respondent’s stated likelihood of leaving the current job within 12 months, rated 1 to 10 (C019). Measured at respondent level on up to 798 respondents, with the engagement-level form reported alongside.

The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.

Table 16. Association with intent to leave by answer levelTable
Answer levelEngagementsMean of the measureSD
Corporate and back-office functions476.92.6
Technology engineering and operations356.62.1
Client servicing and communications167.42.4
Trade, settlement and reconciliation157.52.2
Payments, cards and disputes125.22.6
Credit, underwriting and suitability9‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal9‡
Financial crime and client onboarding7‡
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.

Table 17. Association with intent to leave, tests across answer levels by segmentTable
SegmentEngagementsWelch FdfpHolm pOmega squared90% CI
Study set1251.774, 39.00.1550.6970.0310.000 to 0.116
Outsourcing model
CXM310.021, 21.20.8851.000−0.0330.000 to 0.051
ITOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
BPO240.181, 21.90.6791.000−0.036†
KPOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Institution type
Asset managementFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Wealth management and private bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Commercial and business bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit card and payments issuingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Retail and consumer bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Private equity and private capital9‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functionsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Technology engineering and operationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Client servicing and communicationsIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Trade, settlement and reconciliationIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Payments, cards and disputesIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Credit, underwriting and suitabilityIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Regulatory, audit, tax and legalIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Financial crime and client onboardingIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Class of work
LOB Operational403.532, 24.00.0450.2730.1240.009 to 0.320
Corporate Functional660.541, 63.70.4651.000−0.0080.000 to 0.077
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-OutFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Active, Transition/Cut-Over272.341, 23.80.1390.6970.042†
Active, ProductionFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Canceled299.321, 21.90.0060.0410.199†
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

The measure in the study set did not differ across answer levels (Welch F 1.77, p 0.155, n = 125 engagements).

Association of Written Sentiment with the Study Measures

Table 18. Written sentiment and the study measuresTable
ComparisonWith a negative responseWithout a negative responseTestStatisticp
Cancellation rate3 of 6 engagements53 of 144 engagements (36.81%)Fisher exact0.672
Customer satisfaction, active engagements3 engagementsMean 64.13%, n = 91 engagements‡
Engagement mean written score and cancellationPoint-biserial rr = −0.21, n = 24 engagements0.333
Respondent mean written score and intent to leaveSpearman rhorho = 0.02, n = 33 respondents0.921
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

The cancellation contrast compared engagements with a negative written response against all other engagements. The comparison group comprised 144 other engagements, of which 126 had no scored written response coded to the indicator and 18 had only scored responses that were not negative. The contrast therefore did not test written sentiment by itself. Cancellation was recorded for 3 of the 6 engagements with a negative response, against 53 of the 144 other engagements (36.81%). The difference did not reach significance at 0.05 (Fisher exact p = 0.672). The customer satisfaction contrast was not computed, because only 3 active engagements had a negative response, fewer than 10. The association of written sentiment itself with the study measures was tested by two correlations. The association of the engagement mean written score with cancellation did not reach significance at 0.05 (r = −0.21, p = 0.333, n = 24 engagements). The association of the respondent mean written score with intent to leave did not reach significance at 0.05 (rho = 0.02, p = 0.921, n = 33 respondents). None of the three outcome comparisons reached significance at 0.05. Both comparisons with cancellation were descriptive, because responses on canceled engagements were written after cancellation. Every comparison rested on a thin base, because fewer than 30 engagements had a scored written response.

Comparison of Associations Across the Four Measures

Table 19. Associations across the four measuresTable
MeasureEffect sizenValuepEquivalent to zeroRank among the four
Cancellation rateOmega squared, 0 or 1 flag1250.0280.113No2
Customer satisfactionOmega squared63−0.0270.850Yes4
Engagement indicator meanOmega squared1250.0030.325Yes3
Intent to leaveOmega squared1250.0310.155No1

Steiger’s z compares two correlations, and a categorical answer yields an effect size across levels rather than a correlation, so the pairs are not tested.

Clustering and Effective Sample Size

Not applicable. The field was recorded once per engagement, so every respondent in an engagement shared one value.

Equivalence Tests of Null Results

Table 20. Equivalence tests of null resultsTable
MeasurenOmega squaredEquivalence boundEquivalence pEquivalent to zeroAchieved powerMDE at power 0.80
Cancellation rate1250.028Omega squared < 0.0900.110No0.800.090
Customer satisfaction63−0.027Omega squared < 0.0900.009Yes0.580.139
Engagement indicator mean1250.003Omega squared < 0.0900.025Yes0.800.090
Intent to leave1250.031Omega squared < 0.0900.123No0.800.090

The bound is the ruled |r| < 0.30 expressed as variance explained (V15-R22). Equivalent to zero: customer satisfaction and engagement indicator mean.

Robustness Checks

Table 21. Robustness checksTable
CheckMeasurePrimary pCheck pCheck statisticConclusion holds
Kruskal-Wallis in place of Welch FCustomer satisfaction0.8500.9430.12Yes
Kruskal-Wallis in place of Welch FEngagement indicator mean0.3250.2555.33Yes
Kruskal-Wallis in place of Welch FIntent to leave0.1550.0609.05Yes
Active engagements onlyEngagement indicator mean0.3250.8940.11Yes
Active engagements onlyIntent to leave0.1550.3651.05Yes

Every check held. A check holds when its test lands on the same side of 0.05 as the primary test.

Measure Independence and Part-Whole Correction

Each of the four measures was computed from data this indicator does not contain, so each result is a finding rather than an arithmetic consequence.

Comparison with the Study Norm

Not applicable. A categorical field has no signed correlation, so it has no profile. Its per-level means carry the comparison.

Comparison of Written Sentiment with Indicators of the Four Parts

Figure 4. Share of negative written responses, indicators of the four Parts with 30 or more scored responses (n = 101 indicators)Exhibit
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%C044C052C053C128C209C205C203C199C211C159C132C152C105C098C126C148C108C122C116C021C096C149C112C173C097C113C139C201C109C157C101C172C158C213C095C094C138C187C100C106C127C195C111C186C176C110C143C144C175C207C102C196C145C103C133C124C125C020C115C130C189C168C182C164C049C178C123C141C188C147C179C137C160C120C040C018C174C181C104C161C165C183C092C129C185C136C017C190C012C035C212C036C171C071This indicator,18.18% of 33ENG:Use CaseC200C080C206C014C069C084Median of the 101 indicators (dashed line)
Note: Each column is one indicator, ordered from the highest share of negative responses. The indicator is shown in amber. The dashed line marks the median share across the 101 indicators, 79.55%.

The peer set comprised 101 indicators of the four Parts with 30 or more scored responses. The indicator was within the peer set. Its share of negative responses ranked 95 of 101 from the highest. Its mean written score (3.3, n = 33 responses) ranked 97 of 101 from the most negative. The peer median of the mean written score was −4.6 across the 101 indicators.

Co-Occurring Indicators and Themes

Figure 5. Other indicators and themes coded in the same written responses (n = 33 responses)Exhibit
C0842 (6.06%)C1232 (6.06%)C1362 (6.06%)C1572 (6.06%)C1732 (6.06%)Theme: Competence, pride or technicalachievement3 (9.09%)C0804 (12.12%)Theme: Pay5 (15.15%)C0186 (18.18%)Theme: Positive with an embedded negative9 (27.27%)Theme: Skills learned9 (27.27%)Theme: Team or colleagues15 (45.45%)
Note: Gray bars are other indicators coded in the same responses. Amber bars are themes of the coding rulebook, which carry no score. Shares are of the 33 responses coded to the indicator. Every co-coded indicator and every theme at or above the fifth-highest count of its kind is shown, ties included. C018: “How happy are you with your current job?” C080: “My manager is effective.” C084: “My manager cares about the larger team.” C123: “Rate the adequacy of your employer’s investment in training its workforce.” C136: “Rate how effectively the customer and vendor jointly manage this engagement now that agents perform part of the work.” C157: “Rate the factual reliability of the AI tools’ outputs on this engagement before any human review.” C173: “Rate the tools’ ability to explain and evidence how each output was produced, at the depth an audit requires.”

The responses coded to the indicator were most often also coded to “How happy are you with your current job?” (C018, 6 responses). The second most frequent co-coded indicator was “My manager is effective” (C080, 4 responses). The most frequent theme of the coding rulebook in the same responses was “Team or colleagues” (15 responses).

Interpretation of the Data

Payments, cards and disputes sat at the favorable end of every study measure, though no test separated the process families. Every robustness check run on this field held (5 of 5 checks). Process family sorted engagements by outsourcing model, institution type, and class of work, and it showed no association with the four study measures.

The indicator is an engagement field, so the written responses were not set against a rating. Written responses were voluntary. They recorded what the respondents who wrote reported, and how common it was is measured by the recorded values.

Limitations

The evidence is reported experience: what the delivery team said about its own engagement, gathered in one cross-section. The figures showed associations, not causes. Indicators about the financial institution were reported at second hand by vendor staff. Cancellation is a descriptive contrast, because canceled engagements were rated after they ended.

The tests on cancellation, the engagement indicator mean and intent to leave left out Credit, underwriting and suitability, Regulatory, audit, tax and legal, and Financial crime and client onboarding (n = 9, n = 9, n = 7 engagements in each). The customer satisfaction test left out Client servicing and communications, Trade, settlement and reconciliation, and the same three families (n = 7, n = 7, n = 8, n = 5, n = 4 engagements).

Shares of written sentiment were shares of responses, not of the study set of respondents. The written score took five fixed values, so its mean and median were coarse. Responses clustered within engagements. Intervals for written sentiment used a bootstrap by engagement. Coding was performed by AI coders under a fixed rulebook. Agreement on whether a response was coded to the indicator rested on 4 responses second-coded under rulebook 0.5, with the coders agreeing on 2 of 4. Agreement on the score rested on 5 responses second-scored under rulebook 0.6, with the scores agreeing in 5 of 5. These bases of second-coded responses are too small for an indicator-level alpha.

Definitions

Table 22. DefinitionsTable
TermDefinition
Response scaleAs recorded, shown in Table 1. The indicator is not a rating, so no distressed range is defined.
Answering baseThe engagements on which the value is recorded.
Non-answersNone. The value is recorded for every engagement.
Indicator classEngagement attribute: a property of the engagement rather than of the respondent.
Failure categoryOne of the five failure categories of the Study Taxonomy, section 3. Only the 100 rated indicators carry one, and the indicator is not among them.
Engagement indicator meanThe mean of an engagement’s 100 indicator ratings.
Written responseA coded written answer about the respondent’s own engagement. Non-answers and answers about another engagement are excluded.
Primary and secondaryThe indicator is an engagement field with no survey section of its own. Every written response coded to it therefore answered a question in a survey section and was counted as a secondary response, coded to the indicator because its content addressed it.
Written sentiment scaleFive fixed values of the coding rulebook: −10, −5, 0, +5, +10. The sign is the direction and the magnitude is the strength.
CodingResponses were coded under rulebook 0.5. Scores were added under rulebook 0.6 to every mark and every quote, with the score rulings of rulebook section 21. AI coders worked under a fixed rulebook. A sample of records was second-coded. Score agreement across all indicators was Krippendorff’s alpha 0.969 on the 0.5 scores and 0.930 on the scores added in 0.6.

Sources and Provenance

Table 23. Sources and provenanceTable
ItemValue
Study dataStudy Data.xlsx, Engagements sheet, sha256 219eba0457274d04
Statistics enginecompute_statistics.py, sha256 738319eef764602b
Statistics recordComputed Statistics.json, record ENG:Use Case, sha256 e405f65a43e37a6e
ComputedOctober 8, 2026, 01:38 UTC
TemplateIndicator Statistical Analysis Template, version 1.1 of 2026-10-06
Figures placed by script765 of 765
Study metadataStudy Meta.md, sections 10.4 and 10.4.1, coder agreement across all indicators
Coded written responsesQuotes Master.jsonl, sha256 27da38085e2b13fd. Quote Coding Rulebook, version 0.6 with section 21
Written-response computationqa_stats.py, sha256 74a61f3a96169da9. wfacts.py, sha256 b85fae20adf812a1. prose_gen.py, sha256 c277d2c752f8d88f. build_indicator.py, sha256 da3473bd56a4a7b9
Written-response recordsENG_Use_Case.qa.json, sha256 09afb1a8f9f7eddc. ENG_Use_Case.wfacts.json, sha256 e6577fdebe30a3bb. Prose ENG_Use_Case.json, sha256 57493dcf33efa43a

Continue the report

Executive summary →
Overview

Executive Summary

Four findings from 150 engagements

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Introduction

Introduction

Scope, evidence, and how the report is organized

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Part 1

Engagement Outcomes

Poor results on every measure, and what separates them

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Part 2

The Five Failure Categories

Where failure concentrates, category by category

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Part 3

Governance, Oversight, and Control

Controls that existed in name only

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Part 4

The Delivery Workforce

Early in their careers, dissatisfied, and many intending to leave

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Part 5

Manual Alteration

How the delivery team altered the work to sustain it

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Part 6

Executive Action Plan

Seven immediate actions and a first-year plan

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Appendices

Appendices

Definitions, indicator inventory, method, and disclosures

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Data

Study Data

Deep-dive analyses of the study indicators, published in stages

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