Outsourcing Type
Indicator ENG:Outsourcing Type · By Phil Hatch · Akholi · October 9, 2026
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22 sectionsIndicator Specification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Indicator code | None, an engagement field |
| Question as asked | Outsourcing Type |
| Failure category | Not one of the 100 rated indicators |
| Place in the survey | Not a survey item |
| Indicator class | Engagement attribute |
| Indicator type | Engagement attribute, categorical |
| Response scale | Levels: CXM, ITO, BPO, KPO |
| Answering base | 150 engagements |
| Non-answers | None, the value is recorded for every engagement |
| Written responses coded to the indicator | 1 response from 1 respondent on 1 engagement (0 primary, 1 secondary) |
Summary of Findings
| Measure | Effect size | n | Value | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cancellation rate | Omega squared, 0 or 1 flag | 150 engagements | −0.020 | 0.994 |
| Customer satisfaction | Omega squared | 94 engagements | −0.004 | 0.510 |
| Engagement indicator mean | Omega squared | 150 engagements | −0.003 | 0.444 |
| Intent to leave | Omega squared | 150 engagements | −0.011 | 0.703 |
The engagements split across the four outsourcing types, from CXM (42 of 150 engagements, 28.00%) to KPO (31 of 150 engagements, 20.67%). Cancellation was close across types, from CXM (35.71% canceled, n = 42 engagements) to KPO (38.71% canceled, n = 31 engagements), with no difference under test (chi-square 0.08, p 0.994, Cramer’s V 0.02, n = 150 engagements). Customer satisfaction on active engagements was highest for BPO (mean 66.3, n = 23 engagements) and lowest for KPO (mean 60.6, n = 19 engagements), with no difference under test (Welch F 0.78, p 0.510, omega squared −0.004, n = 94 engagements). The engagement indicator mean ranged from CXM at the high end (mean 4.2, n = 42 engagements) to BPO at the low end (mean 3.7, n = 37 engagements), with no difference under test (Welch F 0.90, p 0.444, omega squared −0.003, n = 150 engagements). Intent to leave ranged from CXM at the low end (mean 6.5, n = 42 engagements) to ITO at the high end (mean 7.1, n = 40 engagements), with no difference under test (Welch F 0.47, p 0.703, omega squared −0.011, n = 150 engagements). The outsourcing type mix differed after Holm control by process family (chi-square 121.20, Holm p < 0.001, Cramer’s V 0.57).
One written response was coded to the indicator, from 1 of 850 respondents on 1 of 150 engagements. The single scored response was negative, with a score of −5. It was a secondary response.
Distribution of Recorded Values
| Answer | Engagements | Share of answered (base 150) | Cumulative share | Engagements with at least one | Share of 150 engagements | Distressed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CXM | 42 | 28.00% | 28.00% | Not applicable, engagement level | Not applicable, engagement level | Not applicable |
| ITO | 40 | 26.67% | 54.67% | Not applicable, engagement level | Not applicable, engagement level | Not applicable |
| BPO | 37 | 24.67% | 79.33% | Not applicable, engagement level | Not applicable, engagement level | Not applicable |
| KPO | 31 | 20.67% | 100.00% | Not applicable, engagement level | Not applicable, engagement level | Not applicable |
| Answered, total | 150 | 100.00% | Not applicable, engagement level | Not applicable, engagement level |
The value was recorded once per engagement, so every share counts out of 150 engagements.
Distressed is not applicable, because the answer has no good or bad end on a scale.
Coverage and Origin of Written Responses
| Origin | Responses | Respondents | Engagements | Negative | Strongest negative (−10) | Positive | Mean written score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | 0 | 0 | 0 | a | |||
| Secondary | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 of 1 | 0 of 1 | 0 of 1 | ‡ |
| All responses | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 of 1 | 0 of 1 | 0 of 1 | ‡ |
The single response coded to the indicator was a secondary response. The response was written in answer to C135.
Distribution of Written Sentiment
The indicator has no good or bad end. Under the coding rulebook’s rule for such indicators, the written score records the effect each response states on the engagement or on the respondent. The engagement field is “ENG:Outsourcing Type.” The frequency, scope and consequence a response states set the strength of its score. A score of +10 marks a response that describes “this attribute of the engagement as helping the engagement at its best.” A score of −10 marks a response that describes “this attribute as harming the engagement at its worst . . . .”
The distribution was reported as counts only, because fewer than 10 responses carried a score. The single scored response carried a score of −5.
Descriptive Statistics by Segment
| Segment | Base | Answered | Answer rate | Engagements | CXM, share | ITO, share | BPO, share | KPO, share |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study set | 150 | 150 | 100.00% of 150 | 150 | 28.00% | 26.67% | 24.67% | 20.67% |
| Outsourcing model | ||||||||
| CXM | Identity, the segment is this indicator | |||||||
| ITO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | |||||||
| BPO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | |||||||
| KPO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | |||||||
| Institution type | ||||||||
| Asset management | 24 | 24 | 100.00% of 24 | 24 | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% |
| Wealth management and private banking | 23 | 23 | 100.00% of 23 | 23 | 30.43% | 26.09% | 26.09% | 17.39% |
| Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination) | 19 | 19 | 100.00% of 19 | 19 | 21.05% | 31.58% | 21.05% | 26.32% |
| Insurance (life, property and casualty, health) | 14 | 14 | 100.00% of 14 | 14 | 28.57% | 28.57% | 21.43% | 21.43% |
| Commercial and business banking | 13 | 13 | 100.00% of 13 | 13 | 30.77% | 23.08% | 23.08% | 23.08% |
| Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing) | 13 | 13 | 100.00% of 13 | 13 | 30.77% | 30.77% | 23.08% | 15.38% |
| Credit card and payments issuing | 12 | 12 | 100.00% of 12 | 12 | 33.33% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 16.67% |
| Retail and consumer banking | 12 | 12 | 100.00% of 12 | 12 | 33.33% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 16.67% |
| Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets) | 11 | 11 | 100.00% of 11 | 11 | 27.27% | 27.27% | 27.27% | 18.18% |
| Private equity and private capital | 9 | 9 | 9 of 9 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| Process family | ||||||||
| Corporate and back-office functions | 47 | 47 | 100.00% of 47 | 47 | 42.55% | 0.00% | 27.66% | 29.79% |
| Technology engineering and operations | 35 | 35 | 100.00% of 35 | 35 | 11.43% | 88.57% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Client servicing and communications | 16 | 16 | 100.00% of 16 | 16 | 68.75% | 18.75% | 6.25% | 6.25% |
| Trade, settlement and reconciliation | 15 | 15 | 100.00% of 15 | 15 | 0.00% | 6.67% | 73.33% | 20.00% |
| Payments, cards and disputes | 12 | 12 | 100.00% of 12 | 12 | 33.33% | 16.67% | 50.00% | 0.00% |
| Credit, underwriting and suitability | 9 | 9 | 9 of 9 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 6 |
| Regulatory, audit, tax and legal | 9 | 9 | 9 of 9 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
| Financial crime and client onboarding | 7 | 7 | 7 of 7 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 |
| Class of work | ||||||||
| LOB Operational | 76 | 76 | 100.00% of 76 | 76 | 25.00% | 19.74% | 31.58% | 23.68% |
| Corporate Functional | 74 | 74 | 100.00% of 74 | 74 | 31.08% | 33.78% | 17.57% | 17.57% |
| Engagement status and lifecycle stage | ||||||||
| Active, Build-Out | 31 | 31 | 100.00% of 31 | 31 | 32.26% | 25.81% | 19.35% | 22.58% |
| Active, Transition/Cut-Over | 43 | 43 | 100.00% of 43 | 43 | 27.91% | 27.91% | 25.58% | 18.60% |
| Active, Production | 20 | 20 | 100.00% of 20 | 20 | 25.00% | 25.00% | 30.00% | 20.00% |
| Canceled | 56 | 56 | 100.00% of 56 | 56 | 26.79% | 26.79% | 25.00% | 21.43% |
Shares are of the answered engagements in each row, which is the base beside them. A row under 10 prints counts in place of shares.
Tests of Difference Between Segments
| Segment family | Unit | Chi-square | df | p | Holm p | Cramer’s V | Test for p | Levels left out |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outsourcing model | Identity, the segment is this indicator | |||||||
| Institution type | Engagement | 2.43 | 24 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.08 | Monte Carlo, simulated | a |
| Process family | Engagement | 121.20 | 12 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.57 | Monte Carlo, simulated | b |
| Class of work | Engagement | 6.93 | 3 | 0.074 | 0.222 | 0.21 | chi-square | None |
| Engagement status and lifecycle stage | Engagement | 1.11 | 9 | 0.999 | 1.000 | 0.05 | Monte Carlo, simulated | None |
Engagement families were tested on engagement answers, and respondent role and vendor type were tested on respondents. Process family differed in the answer mix after Holm control (chi-square 121.20, Holm p < 0.001, Cramer’s V 0.57). No difference held after Holm control for institution type, class of work and engagement status and lifecycle stage.
Association with Cancellation Rate
The share of engagements canceled on the study date, measured at engagement level (base 150 engagements, 56 canceled). The association is a descriptive contrast, inflated because canceled engagements were rated after cancellation, and is not predictive.
The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.
| Answer level | Engagements | Canceled | Cancellation rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| CXM | 42 | 15 | 35.71% |
| ITO | 40 | 15 | 37.50% |
| BPO | 37 | 14 | 37.84% |
| KPO | 31 | 12 | 38.71% |
The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.
| Segment | Engagements | Chi-square | df | p | Holm p | Cramer’s V | Test for p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study set | 150 | 0.08 | 3 | 0.994 | 1.000 | 0.02 | chi-square |
| Outsourcing model | |||||||
| CXM | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| ITO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| BPO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| KPO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| Institution type | |||||||
| Asset management | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Wealth management and private banking | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Insurance (life, property and casualty, health) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Commercial and business banking | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Credit card and payments issuing | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Retail and consumer banking | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Private equity and private capital | 9 | ‡ | |||||
| Process family | |||||||
| Corporate and back-office functions | 47 | 0.06 | 2 | 0.972 | 1.000 | 0.03 | chi-square |
| Technology engineering and operations | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Client servicing and communications | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Trade, settlement and reconciliation | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Payments, cards and disputes | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Credit, underwriting and suitability | 9 | ‡ | |||||
| Regulatory, audit, tax and legal | 9 | ‡ | |||||
| Financial crime and client onboarding | 7 | ‡ | |||||
| Class of work | |||||||
| LOB Operational | 76 | 1.74 | 3 | 0.627 | 1.000 | 0.15 | chi-square |
| Corporate Functional | 74 | 0.85 | 3 | 0.874 | 1.000 | 0.11 | Monte Carlo, simulated |
| Engagement status and lifecycle stage | |||||||
| Active, Build-Out | Not computable, no variation in cancellation | ||||||
| Active, Transition/Cut-Over | Not computable, no variation in cancellation | ||||||
| Active, Production | Not computable, no variation in cancellation | ||||||
| Canceled | Not computable, no variation in cancellation |
Cancellation in the study set did not differ across answer levels (chi-square 0.08, p 0.994, n = 150 engagements).
Association with Customer Satisfaction
The satisfaction score recorded against each engagement on a 100-point scale. The primary estimate uses the 94 active engagements. A descriptive contrast uses all 150 engagements.
The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.
| Answer level | Engagements | Mean of the measure | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| CXM | 27 | 64.4 | 12.9 |
| ITO | 25 | 64.4 | 10.2 |
| BPO | 23 | 66.3 | 10.5 |
| KPO | 19 | 60.6 | 12.9 |
The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.
| Segment | Engagements | Welch F | df | p | Holm p | Omega squared | 90% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study set | 94 | 0.78 | 3, 47.9 | 0.510 | 1.000 | −0.004 | 0.000 to 0.076 |
| Outsourcing model | |||||||
| CXM | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| ITO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| BPO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| KPO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| Institution type | |||||||
| Asset management | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Wealth management and private banking | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Insurance (life, property and casualty, health) | 9 | ‡ | |||||
| Commercial and business banking | 9 | ‡ | |||||
| Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Credit card and payments issuing | 7 | ‡ | |||||
| Retail and consumer banking | 8 | ‡ | |||||
| Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets) | 8 | ‡ | |||||
| Private equity and private capital | 7 | ‡ | |||||
| Process family | |||||||
| Corporate and back-office functions | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Technology engineering and operations | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Client servicing and communications | 7 | ‡ | |||||
| Trade, settlement and reconciliation | 7 | ‡ | |||||
| Payments, cards and disputes | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Credit, underwriting and suitability | 8 | ‡ | |||||
| Regulatory, audit, tax and legal | 5 | ‡ | |||||
| Financial crime and client onboarding | 4 | ‡ | |||||
| Class of work | |||||||
| LOB Operational | 39 | 1.86 | 2, 21.5 | 0.179 | 0.597 | 0.063 | 0.000 to 0.255 |
| Corporate Functional | 32 | 2.21 | 1, 25.1 | 0.149 | 0.597 | 0.040 | 0.000 to 0.241 |
| Engagement status and lifecycle stage | |||||||
| Active, Build-Out | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Active, Transition/Cut-Over | 35 | 0.61 | 2, 20.9 | 0.551 | 1.000 | −0.025 | 0.000 to 0.140 |
| Active, Production | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Canceled | no clean estimate, canceled engagements fall outside the active population |
The measure in the study set did not differ across answer levels (Welch F 0.78, p 0.510, n = 94 engagements). The clean estimate ran inside active engagements only.
Association with the Engagement Indicator Mean
The mean of an engagement’s 100 indicator ratings, measured at engagement level (base 150 engagements). Where this indicator is one of the 100, the mean is recomputed without it.
The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.
| Answer level | Engagements | Mean of the measure | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| CXM | 42 | 4.2 | 1.6 |
| ITO | 40 | 4.1 | 1.3 |
| BPO | 37 | 3.7 | 1.3 |
| KPO | 31 | 4.0 | 1.6 |
The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.
| Segment | Engagements | Welch F | df | p | Holm p | Omega squared | 90% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study set | 150 | 0.90 | 3, 78.2 | 0.444 | 1.000 | −0.003 | 0.000 to 0.049 |
| Outsourcing model | |||||||
| CXM | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| ITO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| BPO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| KPO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| Institution type | |||||||
| Asset management | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Wealth management and private banking | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Insurance (life, property and casualty, health) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Commercial and business banking | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Credit card and payments issuing | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Retail and consumer banking | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Private equity and private capital | 9 | ‡ | |||||
| Process family | |||||||
| Corporate and back-office functions | 47 | 0.35 | 2, 27.8 | 0.711 | 1.000 | −0.029 | 0.000 to 0.082 |
| Technology engineering and operations | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Client servicing and communications | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Trade, settlement and reconciliation | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Payments, cards and disputes | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Credit, underwriting and suitability | 9 | ‡ | |||||
| Regulatory, audit, tax and legal | 9 | ‡ | |||||
| Financial crime and client onboarding | 7 | ‡ | |||||
| Class of work | |||||||
| LOB Operational | 76 | 0.78 | 3, 38.0 | 0.511 | 1.000 | 0.001 | 0.000 to 0.104 |
| Corporate Functional | 74 | 0.51 | 3, 31.7 | 0.681 | 1.000 | −0.024 | 0.000 to 0.056 |
| Engagement status and lifecycle stage | |||||||
| Active, Build-Out | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Active, Transition/Cut-Over | 35 | 1.86 | 2, 21.1 | 0.180 | 0.898 | 0.055 | 0.000 to 0.260 |
| Active, Production | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Canceled | 56 | 2.53 | 3, 28.0 | 0.078 | 0.466 | 0.055 | 0.000 to 0.211 |
The measure in the study set did not differ across answer levels (Welch F 0.90, p 0.444, n = 150 engagements).
Association with Intent to Leave
The respondent’s stated likelihood of leaving the current job within 12 months, rated 1 to 10 (C019). Measured at respondent level on up to 798 respondents, with the engagement-level form reported alongside.
The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.
| Answer level | Engagements | Mean of the measure | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| CXM | 42 | 6.5 | 2.5 |
| ITO | 40 | 7.1 | 2.2 |
| BPO | 37 | 6.7 | 2.6 |
| KPO | 31 | 6.8 | 2.4 |
The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.
| Segment | Engagements | Welch F | df | p | Holm p | Omega squared | 90% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study set | 150 | 0.47 | 3, 78.9 | 0.703 | 1.000 | −0.011 | 0.000 to 0.029 |
| Outsourcing model | |||||||
| CXM | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| ITO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| BPO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| KPO | Identity, the segment is this indicator | ||||||
| Institution type | |||||||
| Asset management | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Wealth management and private banking | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Insurance (life, property and casualty, health) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Commercial and business banking | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Credit card and payments issuing | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Retail and consumer banking | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets) | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Private equity and private capital | 9 | ‡ | |||||
| Process family | |||||||
| Corporate and back-office functions | 47 | 0.05 | 2, 26.9 | 0.953 | 1.000 | −0.042 | 0.000 to 0.000 |
| Technology engineering and operations | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Client servicing and communications | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Trade, settlement and reconciliation | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Payments, cards and disputes | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Credit, underwriting and suitability | 9 | ‡ | |||||
| Regulatory, audit, tax and legal | 9 | ‡ | |||||
| Financial crime and client onboarding | 7 | ‡ | |||||
| Class of work | |||||||
| LOB Operational | 76 | 3.23 | 3, 39.3 | 0.033 | 0.163 | 0.055 | 0.000 to 0.181 |
| Corporate Functional | 74 | 0.29 | 3, 31.6 | 0.835 | 1.000 | −0.029 | 0.000 to 0.040 |
| Engagement status and lifecycle stage | |||||||
| Active, Build-Out | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Active, Transition/Cut-Over | 35 | 3.85 | 2, 19.5 | 0.039 | 0.163 | 0.113 | 0.000 to 0.324 |
| Active, Production | Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements | ||||||
| Canceled | 56 | 3.68 | 3, 28.4 | 0.023 | 0.141 | 0.085 | 0.000 to 0.246 |
The measure in the study set did not differ across answer levels (Welch F 0.47, p 0.703, n = 150 engagements).
Comparison of Associations Across the Four Measures
| Measure | Effect size | n | Value | p | Equivalent to zero | Rank among the four |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cancellation rate | Omega squared, 0 or 1 flag | 150 | −0.020 | 0.994 | Yes | 4 |
| Customer satisfaction | Omega squared | 94 | −0.004 | 0.510 | Yes | 2 |
| Engagement indicator mean | Omega squared | 150 | −0.003 | 0.444 | Yes | 1 |
| Intent to leave | Omega squared | 150 | −0.011 | 0.703 | Yes | 3 |
Steiger’s z compares two correlations, and a categorical answer yields an effect size across levels rather than a correlation, so the pairs are not tested.
Clustering and Effective Sample Size
Not applicable. The field was recorded once per engagement, so every respondent in an engagement shared one value.
Equivalence Tests of Null Results
| Measure | n | Omega squared | Equivalence bound | Equivalence p | Equivalent to zero | Achieved power | MDE at power 0.80 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cancellation rate | 150 | −0.020 | Omega squared < 0.090 | < 0.001 | Yes | 0.91 | 0.069 |
| Customer satisfaction | 94 | −0.004 | Omega squared < 0.090 | 0.029 | Yes | 0.71 | 0.108 |
| Engagement indicator mean | 150 | −0.003 | Omega squared < 0.090 | 0.004 | Yes | 0.91 | 0.069 |
| Intent to leave | 150 | −0.011 | Omega squared < 0.090 | < 0.001 | Yes | 0.91 | 0.069 |
The bound is the ruled |r| < 0.30 expressed as variance explained (V15-R22). Equivalent to zero: cancellation rate, customer satisfaction, engagement indicator mean and intent to leave.
Robustness Checks
| Check | Measure | Primary p | Check p | Check statistic | Conclusion holds |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kruskal-Wallis in place of Welch F | Customer satisfaction | 0.510 | 0.527 | 2.22 | Yes |
| Kruskal-Wallis in place of Welch F | Engagement indicator mean | 0.444 | 0.502 | 2.36 | Yes |
| Kruskal-Wallis in place of Welch F | Intent to leave | 0.703 | 0.897 | 0.60 | Yes |
| Active engagements only | Engagement indicator mean | 0.444 | 0.374 | 1.06 | Yes |
| Active engagements only | Intent to leave | 0.703 | 0.170 | 1.75 | Yes |
Every check held. A check holds when its test lands on the same side of 0.05 as the primary test.
Measure Independence and Part-Whole Correction
Each of the four measures was computed from data this indicator does not contain, so each result is a finding rather than an arithmetic consequence.
Comparison with the Study Norm
Not applicable. A categorical field has no signed correlation, so it has no profile. Its per-level means carry the comparison.
Co-Occurring Indicators and Themes
The indicator’s twin, C032, records the same fact under the coding rulebook’s twin rule. The twin was coded in the single response coded to the indicator. The twin is left out of the counts that follow. The response coded to the indicator was also coded to “Rate your employer’s current supply of qualified agentic AI talent against what its engagements need” (C122, 1 response), “Rate how well your employer’s training programs build financial industry knowledge” (C125, 1 response) and “Rate the depth of your employer’s knowledge of agentic AI” (C131, 1 response). The theme “Human presented as agentic” of the coding rulebook was the only theme in the same response.
Interpretation of the Data
Outsourcing type showed no tested association with any of the four study measures. That result held under every robustness check run on this field (5 of 5 checks).
The indicator is an engagement field, so the written responses were not set against a rating. Written responses were voluntary. They recorded what the respondents who wrote reported, and how common it was is measured by the recorded values. The analysis of the written responses rested on 1 response, a base of anecdote strength.
Limitations
The evidence is reported experience: what the delivery team said about its own engagement, gathered in one cross-section. The figures showed associations, not causes. Indicators about the financial institution were reported at second hand by vendor staff. Cancellation is a descriptive contrast, because canceled engagements were rated after they ended.
No limit applied beyond the standing limits of this block.
Fewer than 10 responses carried a score, so written sentiment was reported as counts, with no statistic. Coding was performed by AI coders under a fixed rulebook. No response coded to the indicator fell in the sample second-coded under rulebook 0.5, so agreement on whether a response was coded to the indicator could not be assessed. No response coded to the indicator was second-scored under rulebook 0.6, so agreement on the score could not be assessed.
Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Response scale | As recorded, shown in Table 1. The indicator is not a rating, so no distressed range is defined. |
| Answering base | The engagements on which the value is recorded. |
| Non-answers | None. The value is recorded for every engagement. |
| Indicator class | Engagement attribute: a property of the engagement rather than of the respondent. |
| Failure category | One of the five failure categories of the Study Taxonomy, section 3. Only the 100 rated indicators carry one, and the indicator is not among them. |
| Engagement indicator mean | The mean of an engagement’s 100 indicator ratings. |
| Written response | A coded written answer about the respondent’s own engagement. Non-answers and answers about another engagement are excluded. |
| Primary and secondary | The indicator is an engagement field with no survey section of its own. Every written response coded to it therefore answered a question in a survey section and was counted as a secondary response, coded to the indicator because its content addressed it. |
| Written sentiment scale | Five fixed values of the coding rulebook: −10, −5, 0, +5, +10. The sign is the direction and the magnitude is the strength. |
| Coding | Responses were coded under rulebook 0.5. Scores were added under rulebook 0.6 to every mark and every quote, with the score rulings of rulebook section 21. AI coders worked under a fixed rulebook. A sample of records was second-coded. Score agreement across all indicators was Krippendorff’s alpha 0.969 on the 0.5 scores and 0.930 on the scores added in 0.6. |
Sources and Provenance
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Study data | Study Data.xlsx, Engagements sheet, sha256 219eba0457274d04 |
| Statistics engine | compute_statistics.py, sha256 738319eef764602b |
| Statistics record | Computed Statistics.json, record ENG:Outsourcing Type, sha256 e405f65a43e37a6e |
| Computed | October 8, 2026, 01:38 UTC |
| Template | Indicator Statistical Analysis Template, version 1.1 of 2026-10-06 |
| Figures placed by script | 566 of 566 |
| Study metadata | Study Meta.md, sections 10.4 and 10.4.1, coder agreement across all indicators |
| Coded written responses | Quotes Master.jsonl, sha256 27da38085e2b13fd. Quote Coding Rulebook, version 0.6 with section 21 |
| Written-response computation | qa_stats.py, sha256 74a61f3a96169da9. wfacts.py, sha256 b85fae20adf812a1. prose_gen.py, sha256 c277d2c752f8d88f. build_indicator.py, sha256 da3473bd56a4a7b9 |
| Written-response records | ENG_Outsourcing_Type.qa.json, sha256 aae6c9e9c802ad61. ENG_Outsourcing_Type.wfacts.json, sha256 9104db3a300899fa. Prose ENG_Outsourcing_Type.json, sha256 79e7a5f564d4d6f5 |
