Study Data · Part 1 · Indicator Deep-Dive Analysis

Engagement Phase

Indicator ENG:Engagement Phase · By Phil Hatch · Akholi · October 9, 2026

Indicator Specification

Table 1. Indicator specificationTable
FieldValue
Indicator codeNone, an engagement field
Question as askedEngagement Phase
Failure categoryNot one of the 100 rated indicators
Place in the surveyNot a survey item
Indicator classEngagement attribute
Indicator typeEngagement attribute, categorical
Response scaleLevels: Build-Out, Transition/Cut-Over, Production
Answering base150 engagements
Non-answersNone, the value is recorded for every engagement
Written responses coded to the indicator162 responses from 139 respondents on 69 engagements (0 primary, 162 secondary)

Summary of Findings

Table 2. Key results: association of the indicator with the four study measuresTable
MeasureEffect sizenValuep
Cancellation rateOmega squared, 0 or 1 flag150 engagements0.0230.068
Customer satisfactionOmega squared94 engagements−0.0070.511
Engagement indicator meanOmega squared150 engagements0.0030.272
Intent to leaveOmega squared150 engagements0.0020.333

Build-Out (60 of 150 engagements, 40.00%) and Transition/Cut-Over (60 of 150 engagements, 40.00%) were the most common engagement phases, ahead of Production (30 of 150 engagements, 20.00%). Cancellation was highest in Build-Out (48.33% canceled, n = 60 engagements) and lowest in Transition/Cut-Over (28.33% canceled, n = 60 engagements), with no difference under test (chi-square 5.39, p 0.068, Cramer’s V 0.19, n = 150 engagements). Customer satisfaction on active engagements ranged from Build-Out (mean 63.2, n = 31 engagements) to Production (mean 66.8, n = 20 engagements), with no difference under test (Welch F 0.68, p 0.511, omega squared −0.007, n = 94 engagements). The engagement indicator mean was higher in Production (mean 4.2, n = 30 engagements) than in Build-Out (mean 3.8, n = 60 engagements), with no difference under test (Welch F 1.32, p 0.272, omega squared 0.003, n = 150 engagements). Intent to leave was highest in Build-Out (mean 7.1, n = 60 engagements) and lowest in Production (mean 6.4, n = 30 engagements), with no difference under test (Welch F 1.11, p 0.333, omega squared 0.002, n = 150 engagements). The phase mix differed after Holm control by institution type (chi-square 31.07, Holm p 0.032, Cramer’s V 0.33) and by class of work (chi-square 9.64, Holm p 0.032, Cramer’s V 0.25).

The indicator had 162 written responses coded to it, from 139 of 850 respondents on 69 of 150 engagements. Negative responses numbered 33 of the 162 scored responses (20.37%). The strongest negative score, −10, was carried by 10 of the 162 scored responses (6.17%). Every response was a secondary response.

Distribution of Recorded Values

Table 3. Distribution of recorded valuesTable
AnswerEngagementsShare of answered (base 150)Cumulative shareEngagements with at least oneShare of 150 engagementsDistressed
Build-Out6040.00%40.00%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement levelNot applicable
Transition/Cut-Over6040.00%80.00%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement levelNot applicable
Production3020.00%100.00%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement levelNot applicable
Answered, total150100.00%Not applicable, engagement levelNot applicable, engagement level

The value was recorded once per engagement, so every share counts out of 150 engagements.

Distressed is not applicable, because the answer has no good or bad end on a scale.

Coverage and Origin of Written Responses

Figure 1. Written responses coded to the indicator, by the question answered and by written score (n = 162 responses)Exhibit
020406080Other questions (3)C029 (secondary)C208 (secondary)C210 (secondary)7C055 (secondary)5C177 (secondary)7C198 (secondary)34C216 (secondary)9C135 (secondary)8C114 (secondary)313C156 (secondary)316C030 (secondary)4551Written responses−10 Strongly negative−5 Negative0 Neutral+5 Positive+10 Strongly positive
Note: The indicator is an engagement field with no survey section of its own. Every written response coded to it therefore answered a question in a survey section and was counted as a secondary response, coded to the indicator because its content addressed it. Segments run from −10, strongly negative, in full amber at the left to +10, strongly positive, in the darkest gray at the right. Segments of 3 or more responses are labeled with their count where the drawn segment can hold the label. The bar “Other questions” combines the 3 questions with the fewest responses. C030 asked: “What are the top 3 things that you love most about your job?” C156 asked: “Add any comments on the joint management of this engagement that the ratings in this section do not capture.” C114 asked: “Add any comments on the customer organization that the ratings in this section do not capture.” C135 asked: “Add any comments on your employer that the ratings in this section do not capture.” C216 asked: “Comment.” C198 asked: “Add any comments on the third-party ecosystem that the ratings in this section do not capture.” C177 asked: “Add any comments on the agentic AI tools that the ratings in this section do not capture.” C055 asked: “How does the vendor manipulate performance reports and dashboards?” C210 asked: “Comment.” C208 asked: “Why did you alter client processes?” C029 asked: “What are your top 3 challenges that reduce your job satisfaction?”
Table 4. Written responses by originTable
OriginResponsesRespondentsEngagementsNegativeStrongest negative (−10)PositiveMean written score
Primary000a
Secondary1621396933 of 162 (20.37%)10 of 162 (6.17%)5 of 162 (3.09%)−1.2
All responses1621396933 of 162 (20.37%)10 of 162 (6.17%)5 of 162 (3.09%)−1.2
Note: a No scored responses.

All 162 responses were secondary responses. The secondary responses came from 139 respondents on 69 engagements, in answer to 14 questions (most often C030 with 61 responses, C156 with 20 responses and C114 with 17 responses). Among the Part 1 indicators with 30 or more scored responses, the secondary share of the indicator ranked 1 of 6 from the highest, tied with 4 other indicators. The median secondary share was 100.00% across the 6 indicators.

Distribution of Written Sentiment

Figure 2. Distribution of written sentiment (n = 162 scored responses)Exhibit
10 (6.17%)−10 Stronglynegative23 (14.20%)−5 Negative124 (76.54%)0 Neutral5 (3.09%)+5 Positive0 (0.00%)+10 Stronglypositive
Note: Column height is the share of all scored responses. Labels give the count and the share.
Table 5. Summary statistics of written sentimentTable
StatisticValueBasis
Mean written score−1.295% CI −1.7 to −0.7, cluster bootstrap by engagement, 10,000 draws, n = 162 responses
Median written score0.0n = 162 responses
Negative responses33 of 162 (20.37%)95% CI 13.73% to 28.37% of 162 responses, cluster bootstrap by engagement
Strongest negative responses (−10)10 of 162 (6.17%)Statements of totality, constancy or serious harm
Positive responses5 of 162 (3.09%)+5 or +10
Net balance−17.28 percentage pointsShare positive minus share negative, base 162 responses
Respondent-level mean−1.1Mean of each respondent’s own mean written score, n = 139 respondents

The indicator has no good or bad end. Under the coding rulebook’s rule for such indicators, the written score records the effect each response states on the engagement or on the respondent. The engagement field is “ENG:Engagement Phase.” The frequency, scope and consequence a response states set the strength of its score. A score of +10 marks a response that describes “this attribute of the engagement as helping the engagement at its best.” A score of −10 marks a response that describes “this attribute as harming the engagement at its worst . . . .”

Of the 162 scored responses, 33 (20.37%) were negative, 10 (6.17%) carried the strongest negative score and 5 (3.09%) were positive. The responses had a mean written score of −1.2 (95% CI −1.7 to −0.7, n = 162 responses on 69 engagements).

Descriptive Statistics by Segment

Table 6. Descriptive statistics by segmentTable
SegmentBaseAnsweredAnswer rateEngagementsBuild-Out, shareTransition/Cut-Over, shareProduction, share
Study set150150100.00% of 15015040.00%40.00%20.00%
Outsourcing model
CXM4242100.00% of 424247.62%35.71%16.67%
ITO4040100.00% of 404047.50%30.00%22.50%
BPO3737100.00% of 373732.43%43.24%24.32%
KPO3131100.00% of 313129.03%54.84%16.13%
Institution type
Asset management2424100.00% of 242437.50%33.33%29.17%
Wealth management and private banking2323100.00% of 232326.09%56.52%17.39%
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)1919100.00% of 191947.37%31.58%21.05%
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)1414100.00% of 141457.14%35.71%7.14%
Commercial and business banking1313100.00% of 131353.85%30.77%15.38%
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)1313100.00% of 131315.38%61.54%23.08%
Credit card and payments issuing1212100.00% of 121275.00%8.33%16.67%
Retail and consumer banking1212100.00% of 121241.67%16.67%41.67%
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)1111100.00% of 111118.18%81.82%0.00%
Private equity and private capital999 of 99342
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions4747100.00% of 474736.17%51.06%12.77%
Technology engineering and operations3535100.00% of 353554.29%31.43%14.29%
Client servicing and communications1616100.00% of 161637.50%25.00%37.50%
Trade, settlement and reconciliation1515100.00% of 151520.00%46.67%33.33%
Payments, cards and disputes1212100.00% of 121258.33%16.67%25.00%
Credit, underwriting and suitability999 of 99531
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal999 of 99261
Financial crime and client onboarding777 of 77133
Class of work
LOB Operational7676100.00% of 767628.95%43.42%27.63%
Corporate Functional7474100.00% of 747451.35%36.49%12.16%
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-OutIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Active, Transition/Cut-OverIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Active, ProductionIdentity, the segment is this indicator
CanceledIdentity, the segment is this indicator

Shares are of the answered engagements in each row, which is the base beside them. A row under 10 prints counts in place of shares.

Tests of Difference Between Segments

Table 7. Tests of difference between segmentsTable
Segment familyUnitChi-squaredfpHolm pCramer’s VTest for pLevels left out
Outsourcing modelEngagement6.5760.3630.3630.15chi-squareNone
Institution typeEngagement31.07160.0110.0320.33Monte Carlo, simulateda
Process familyEngagement14.8780.0590.1170.24Monte Carlo, simulatedb
Class of workEngagement9.6420.0080.0320.25chi-squareNone
Engagement status and lifecycle stageIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Note: a Private equity and private capital, n = 9. b Credit, underwriting and suitability, n = 9, Regulatory, audit, tax and legal, n = 9, Financial crime and client onboarding, n = 7.

Engagement families were tested on engagement answers, and respondent role and vendor type were tested on respondents. Institution type differed in the answer mix after Holm control (chi-square 31.07, Holm p 0.032, Cramer’s V 0.33). Class of work differed in the answer mix after Holm control (chi-square 9.64, Holm p 0.032, Cramer’s V 0.25). No difference held after Holm control for outsourcing model and process family.

Written Sentiment by Segment

Figure 3. Written sentiment by engagement status and lifecycle stage, share of each group’s responsesExhibit
0%25%50%75%100%Canceled (n = 139)84.17%Active, Production (n = 1)1 of 1Active, Transition/Cut-Over (n = 10)60.00%20.00%Active, Build-Out (n = 12)33.33%50.00%16.67%All responses (n = 162)14.20%76.54%−10 Strongly negative−5 Negative0 Neutral+5 Positive+10 Strongly positive
Note: Segments run from −10, strongly negative, in full amber at the left to +10, strongly positive, in the darkest gray at the right. Each bar is 100% of its group’s responses. Segments of 12% or more are labeled, as a share on groups of 10 responses or more and as a count on smaller groups.
Table 8. Written sentiment by segmentTable
SegmentResponsesRespondentsEngagementsMean written scoreNegativeStrongest negative (−10)
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out121211−0.84 of 12 (33.33%)0 of 12 (0.00%)
Active, Transition/Cut-Over10109−3.07 of 10 (70.00%)1 of 10 (10.00%)
Active, Production111‡0 of 10 of 1
Canceled13911648−1.122 of 139 (15.83%)9 of 139 (6.47%)
Respondent role
Individual Contributor1099655−1.323 of 109 (21.10%)7 of 109 (6.42%)
Engagement Manager453737−0.46 of 45 (13.33%)1 of 45 (2.22%)
Portfolio Director755‡4 of 72 of 7
Customer Management Executive111‡0 of 10 of 1
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

Scored responses came from 11 engagements in the Active, Build-Out group, 9 engagements in the Active, Transition/Cut-Over group, 1 engagement in the Active, Production group and 48 engagements in the Canceled group. A test of mean written scores across the groups, with each engagement counted once, showed no difference that reached significance at 0.05 (Kruskal-Wallis H 3.05, df 2, p = 0.218, n = 68 engagements). The test compared the Active, Build-Out group, the Active, Transition/Cut-Over group and the Canceled group. It left out the Active, Production group, which held fewer than two engagements. Groups under 10 responses are reported as counts only. Negative responses numbered 0 of 1 in the Active, Production group.

The role test compared individual contributors and engagement managers, the roles with 30 or more scored responses. A test of mean written scores between the two roles, with each respondent counted once, showed no difference that reached significance at 0.05 (Kruskal-Wallis H 1.91, df 1, p = 0.167, n = 133 respondents). The roles compared had mean written scores of −1.3 for individual contributors (n = 109 responses) and −0.4 for engagement managers (n = 45 responses). Roles under 10 responses are reported as counts only. Among portfolio directors, negative responses numbered 4 of 7. Among customer management executives, negative responses numbered 0 of 1.

Association with Cancellation Rate

The share of engagements canceled on the study date, measured at engagement level (base 150 engagements, 56 canceled). The association is a descriptive contrast, inflated because canceled engagements were rated after cancellation, and is not predictive.

The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.

Table 9. Association with cancellation rate by answer levelTable
Answer levelEngagementsCanceledCancellation rate
Build-Out602948.33%
Transition/Cut-Over601728.33%
Production301033.33%

The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.

Table 10. Association with cancellation rate, tests across answer levels by segmentTable
SegmentEngagementsChi-squaredfpHolm pCramer’s VTest for p
Study set1505.3920.0680.4060.19chi-square
Outsourcing model
CXM353.3010.0690.4060.31chi-square
ITO3110.7710.0010.0110.59Fisher exact
BPO281.0110.4410.6390.19Fisher exact
KPOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Institution type
Asset managementFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Wealth management and private bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Commercial and business bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit card and payments issuingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Retail and consumer bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Private equity and private capital9‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions412.6310.1050.4060.25chi-square
Technology engineering and operations307.4410.0110.0740.50Fisher exact
Client servicing and communicationsFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Trade, settlement and reconciliationFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Payments, cards and disputesFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit, underwriting and suitability9‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal9‡
Financial crime and client onboarding7‡
Class of work
LOB Operational762.2820.3190.6390.17chi-square
Corporate Functional653.0710.0800.4060.22chi-square
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-OutIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Active, Transition/Cut-OverIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Active, ProductionIdentity, the segment is this indicator
CanceledIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

Cancellation in the study set did not differ across answer levels (chi-square 5.39, p 0.068, n = 150 engagements).

Association with Customer Satisfaction

The satisfaction score recorded against each engagement on a 100-point scale. The primary estimate uses the 94 active engagements. A descriptive contrast uses all 150 engagements.

The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.

Table 11. Association with customer satisfaction by answer levelTable
Answer levelEngagementsMean of the measureSD
Build-Out3163.29.7
Transition/Cut-Over4363.512.8
Production2066.811.9

The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.

Table 12. Association with customer satisfaction, tests across answer levels by segmentTable
SegmentEngagementsWelch FdfpHolm pOmega squared90% CI
Study set940.682, 49.10.5111.000−0.0070.000 to 0.063
Outsourcing model
CXM224.731, 18.30.0430.2150.131†
ITOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
BPOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
KPOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Institution type
Asset managementFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Wealth management and private bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)9‡
Commercial and business banking9‡
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit card and payments issuing7‡
Retail and consumer banking8‡
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)8‡
Private equity and private capital7‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functionsFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Technology engineering and operations210.241, 18.90.6291.000−0.038†
Client servicing and communications7‡
Trade, settlement and reconciliation7‡
Payments, cards and disputesFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit, underwriting and suitability8‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal5‡
Financial crime and client onboarding4‡
Class of work
LOB Operational460.312, 25.20.7331.000−0.0320.000 to 0.075
Corporate Functional400.041, 38.00.8431.000−0.0250.000 to 0.055
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-OutIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Active, Transition/Cut-OverIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Active, ProductionIdentity, the segment is this indicator
CanceledIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

The measure in the study set did not differ across answer levels (Welch F 0.68, p 0.511, n = 94 engagements). The clean estimate ran inside active engagements only.

Association with the Engagement Indicator Mean

The mean of an engagement’s 100 indicator ratings, measured at engagement level (base 150 engagements). Where this indicator is one of the 100, the mean is recomputed without it.

The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.

Table 13. Association with the engagement indicator mean by answer levelTable
Answer levelEngagementsMean of the measureSD
Build-Out603.81.4
Transition/Cut-Over604.11.6
Production304.21.5

The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.

Table 14. Association with the engagement indicator mean, tests across answer levels by segmentTable
SegmentEngagementsWelch FdfpHolm pOmega squared90% CI
Study set1501.322, 76.70.2721.0000.0030.000 to 0.057
Outsourcing model
CXM353.541, 23.60.0720.4340.0770.000 to 0.277
ITO318.731, 27.00.0060.0510.1830.034 to 0.400
BPO280.461, 25.60.5061.000−0.021†
KPOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Institution type
Asset managementFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Wealth management and private bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Commercial and business bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit card and payments issuingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Retail and consumer bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Private equity and private capital9‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions411.331, 36.50.2561.0000.0070.000 to 0.159
Technology engineering and operations308.681, 21.30.0080.0540.2020.042 to 0.421
Client servicing and communicationsFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Trade, settlement and reconciliationFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Payments, cards and disputesFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit, underwriting and suitability9‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal9‡
Financial crime and client onboarding7‡
Class of work
LOB Operational760.342, 45.50.7151.000−0.0190.000 to 0.049
Corporate Functional651.381, 52.20.2461.0000.0070.000 to 0.111
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-OutIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Active, Transition/Cut-OverIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Active, ProductionIdentity, the segment is this indicator
CanceledIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

The measure in the study set did not differ across answer levels (Welch F 1.32, p 0.272, n = 150 engagements).

Association with Intent to Leave

The respondent’s stated likelihood of leaving the current job within 12 months, rated 1 to 10 (C019). Measured at respondent level on up to 798 respondents, with the engagement-level form reported alongside.

The measure by the engagement’s recorded answer.

Table 15. Association with intent to leave by answer levelTable
Answer levelEngagementsMean of the measureSD
Build-Out607.12.4
Transition/Cut-Over606.62.3
Production306.42.6

The test across answer levels, in the study set and inside each segment. Levels under 10 engagements were left out of each test.

Table 16. Association with intent to leave, tests across answer levels by segmentTable
SegmentEngagementsWelch FdfpHolm pOmega squared90% CI
Study set1501.112, 75.20.3331.0000.0020.000 to 0.054
Outsourcing model
CXM353.701, 31.50.0640.5080.0690.000 to 0.268
ITO312.431, 28.80.1300.9110.0280.000 to 0.230
BPO281.641, 25.90.2121.0000.019†
KPOFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Institution type
Asset managementFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Wealth management and private bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Commercial and business bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit card and payments issuingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Retail and consumer bankingFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)Fewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Private equity and private capital9‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions412.161, 32.80.1520.9110.0290.000 to 0.195
Technology engineering and operations301.521, 27.90.2271.0000.0060.000 to 0.200
Client servicing and communicationsFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Trade, settlement and reconciliationFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Payments, cards and disputesFewer than two answer levels with at least 10 engagements
Credit, underwriting and suitability9‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal9‡
Financial crime and client onboarding7‡
Class of work
LOB Operational760.212, 42.60.8121.000−0.0220.000 to 0.034
Corporate Functional651.421, 60.00.2381.0000.0060.000 to 0.109
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-OutIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Active, Transition/Cut-OverIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Active, ProductionIdentity, the segment is this indicator
CanceledIdentity, the segment is this indicator
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

The measure in the study set did not differ across answer levels (Welch F 1.11, p 0.333, n = 150 engagements).

Association of Written Sentiment with the Study Measures

Table 17. Written sentiment and the study measuresTable
ComparisonWith a negative responseWithout a negative responseTestStatisticp
Cancellation rate17 of 27 engagements (62.96%)39 of 123 engagements (31.71%)Fisher exact0.004
Customer satisfaction, active engagementsMean 58.00%, n = 10 engagementsMean 64.82%, n = 84 engagementsWelch t−1.740.109
Engagement mean written score and cancellationPoint-biserial rr = 0.06, n = 69 engagements0.598
Respondent mean written score and intent to leaveSpearman rhorho = 0.01, n = 134 respondents0.877

The cancellation and customer satisfaction contrasts compared engagements with a negative written response against all other engagements. The comparison group comprised 123 other engagements, of which 81 had no scored written response coded to the indicator and 42 had only scored responses that were not negative. The two contrasts therefore did not test written sentiment by themselves. Cancellation was recorded for 17 of the 27 engagements with a negative response (62.96%), against 39 of the 123 other engagements (31.71%). The difference reached significance at 0.05 (Fisher exact p = 0.004). Mean customer satisfaction was 58.00% on the 10 active engagements with a negative response, against 64.82% on the 84 other active engagements. The difference did not reach significance at 0.05 (Welch t −1.74, p = 0.109). The association of written sentiment itself with the study measures was tested by two correlations. The association of the engagement mean written score with cancellation did not reach significance at 0.05 (r = 0.06, p = 0.598, n = 69 engagements). The association of the respondent mean written score with intent to leave did not reach significance at 0.05 (rho = 0.01, p = 0.877, n = 134 respondents). Of the four outcome comparisons, one reached significance at 0.05: the cancellation contrast. Both comparisons with cancellation were descriptive, because responses on canceled engagements were written after cancellation.

Comparison of Associations Across the Four Measures

Table 18. Associations across the four measuresTable
MeasureEffect sizenValuepEquivalent to zeroRank among the four
Cancellation rateOmega squared, 0 or 1 flag1500.0230.068Yes1
Customer satisfactionOmega squared94−0.0070.511Yes4
Engagement indicator meanOmega squared1500.0030.272Yes2
Intent to leaveOmega squared1500.0020.333Yes3

Steiger’s z compares two correlations, and a categorical answer yields an effect size across levels rather than a correlation, so the pairs are not tested.

Clustering and Effective Sample Size

Not applicable. The field was recorded once per engagement, so every respondent in an engagement shared one value.

Equivalence Tests of Null Results

Table 19. Equivalence tests of null resultsTable
MeasurenOmega squaredEquivalence boundEquivalence pEquivalent to zeroAchieved powerMDE at power 0.80
Cancellation rate1500.023Omega squared < 0.0900.048Yes0.940.062
Customer satisfaction94−0.007Omega squared < 0.0900.016Yes0.770.096
Engagement indicator mean1500.003Omega squared < 0.0900.007Yes0.940.062
Intent to leave1500.002Omega squared < 0.0900.006Yes0.940.062

The bound is the ruled |r| < 0.30 expressed as variance explained (V15-R22). Equivalent to zero: cancellation rate, customer satisfaction, engagement indicator mean and intent to leave.

Robustness Checks

Table 20. Robustness checksTable
CheckMeasurePrimary pCheck pCheck statisticConclusion holds
Kruskal-Wallis in place of Welch FCustomer satisfaction0.5110.5691.13Yes
Kruskal-Wallis in place of Welch FEngagement indicator mean0.2720.3002.41Yes
Kruskal-Wallis in place of Welch FIntent to leave0.3330.2992.42Yes
Active engagements onlyEngagement indicator mean0.2720.9580.04Yes
Active engagements onlyIntent to leave0.3330.5870.54Yes

Every check held. A check holds when its test lands on the same side of 0.05 as the primary test.

Measure Independence and Part-Whole Correction

Each of the four measures was computed from data this indicator does not contain, so each result is a finding rather than an arithmetic consequence.

Comparison with the Study Norm

Not applicable. A categorical field has no signed correlation, so it has no profile. Its per-level means carry the comparison.

Comparison of Written Sentiment with Indicators of the Four Parts

Figure 4. Share of negative written responses, indicators of the four Parts with 30 or more scored responses (n = 101 indicators)Exhibit
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%C044C052C053C128C209C205C203C199C211C159C132C152C105C098C126C148C108C122C116C021C096C149C112C173C097C113C139C201C109C157C101C172C158C213C095C094C138C187C100C106C127C195C111C186C176C110C143C144C175C207C102C196C145C103C133C124C125C020C115C130C189C168C182C164C049C178C123C141C188C147C179C137C160C120C040C018C174C181C104C161C165C183C092C129C185C136C017C190C012C035C212This indicator,20.37% of 162ENG:Engagement PhaseC171C071ENG:Use CaseC200C080C206C014C069C084Median of the 101 indicators (dashed line)
Note: Each column is one indicator, ordered from the highest share of negative responses. The indicator is shown in amber. The dashed line marks the median share across the 101 indicators, 79.55%.

The peer set comprised 101 indicators of the four Parts with 30 or more scored responses. The indicator was within the peer set. Its share of negative responses ranked 92 of 101 from the highest. Its mean written score (−1.2, n = 162 responses) ranked 89 of 101 from the most negative. The peer median of the mean written score was −4.6 across the 101 indicators.

Co-Occurring Indicators and Themes

Figure 5. Other indicators and themes coded in the same written responses (n = 162 responses)Exhibit
C09413 (8.02%)C10913 (8.02%)C08014 (8.64%)C13617 (10.49%)C03522 (13.58%)Theme: Raised it, nothing came back24 (14.81%)Theme: Pay25 (15.43%)Theme: Positive with an embedded negative32 (19.75%)Theme: Team or colleagues41 (25.31%)Theme: Skills learned49 (30.25%)ENG:Is Canceled?52 (32.10%)
Note: Gray bars are other indicators coded in the same responses. Amber bars are themes of the coding rulebook, which carry no score. Shares are of the 162 responses coded to the indicator. Every co-coded indicator and every theme at or above the fifth-highest count of its kind is shown, ties included. C036, the twin of the indicator under rule 6.6 of the coding rulebook, records the same fact and is not shown (coded in 162 of the 162 responses). “ENG:Is Canceled?” is a field of the Engagements sheet. C035: “How long ago did this specific engagement start, in months?” C136: “Rate how effectively the customer and vendor jointly manage this engagement now that agents perform part of the work.” C080: “My manager is effective.” C094: “Rate the quality of the customer’s data across the systems this engagement depends on.” C109: “Rate how quickly the customer responds when this engagement raises issues that need customer action.” Emotional states coded in the same responses, as counts: resigned 5, tired 4, calm or fine 3, frustrated 3 and stressed 2.

The indicator’s twin, C036, records the same fact under the coding rulebook’s twin rule. The twin was coded in all 162 responses coded to the indicator. The twin is left out of the counts that follow. The responses coded to the indicator were most often also coded to “ENG:Is Canceled?” (52 responses). The second most frequent co-coded indicator was “How long ago did this specific engagement start, in months?” (C035, 22 responses). The most frequent theme of the coding rulebook in the same responses was “Skills learned” (49 responses).

Interpretation of the Data

No study measure differed across engagement phases under test. Cancellation came closest to a difference (chi-square 5.39, p 0.068, Cramer’s V 0.19, n = 150 engagements). Every robustness check run on this field held (5 of 5 checks).

The indicator is an engagement field, so the written responses were not set against a rating. Written responses were voluntary. They recorded what the respondents who wrote reported, and how common it was is measured by the recorded values.

Limitations

The evidence is reported experience: what the delivery team said about its own engagement, gathered in one cross-section. The figures showed associations, not causes. Indicators about the financial institution were reported at second hand by vendor staff. Cancellation is a descriptive contrast, because canceled engagements were rated after they ended.

The Production phase rested on a smaller base than the other two phases (30 of 150 engagements, 20.00%).

Shares of written sentiment were shares of responses, not of the study set of respondents. The written score took five fixed values, so its mean and median were coarse. Responses clustered within engagements. Intervals for written sentiment used a bootstrap by engagement. Coding was performed by AI coders under a fixed rulebook. Agreement on whether a response was coded to the indicator rested on 27 responses second-coded under rulebook 0.5, with the coders agreeing on 21 of 27. Agreement on the score rested on 11 responses second-scored under rulebook 0.6, with the scores agreeing in 4 of 11. These bases of second-coded responses are too small for an indicator-level alpha.

Definitions

Table 21. DefinitionsTable
TermDefinition
Response scaleAs recorded, shown in Table 1. The indicator is not a rating, so no distressed range is defined.
Answering baseThe engagements on which the value is recorded.
Non-answersNone. The value is recorded for every engagement.
Indicator classEngagement attribute: a property of the engagement rather than of the respondent.
Failure categoryOne of the five failure categories of the Study Taxonomy, section 3. Only the 100 rated indicators carry one, and the indicator is not among them.
Engagement indicator meanThe mean of an engagement’s 100 indicator ratings.
Written responseA coded written answer about the respondent’s own engagement. Non-answers and answers about another engagement are excluded.
Primary and secondaryThe indicator is an engagement field with no survey section of its own. Every written response coded to it therefore answered a question in a survey section and was counted as a secondary response, coded to the indicator because its content addressed it.
Written sentiment scaleFive fixed values of the coding rulebook: −10, −5, 0, +5, +10. The sign is the direction and the magnitude is the strength.
CodingResponses were coded under rulebook 0.5. Scores were added under rulebook 0.6 to every mark and every quote, with the score rulings of rulebook section 21. AI coders worked under a fixed rulebook. A sample of records was second-coded. Score agreement across all indicators was Krippendorff’s alpha 0.969 on the 0.5 scores and 0.930 on the scores added in 0.6.

Sources and Provenance

Table 22. Sources and provenanceTable
ItemValue
Study dataStudy Data.xlsx, Engagements sheet, sha256 219eba0457274d04
Statistics enginecompute_statistics.py, sha256 738319eef764602b
Statistics recordComputed Statistics.json, record ENG:Engagement Phase, sha256 e405f65a43e37a6e
ComputedOctober 8, 2026, 01:38 UTC
TemplateIndicator Statistical Analysis Template, version 1.1 of 2026-10-06
Figures placed by script592 of 592
Study metadataStudy Meta.md, sections 10.4 and 10.4.1, coder agreement across all indicators
Coded written responsesQuotes Master.jsonl, sha256 27da38085e2b13fd. Quote Coding Rulebook, version 0.6 with section 21
Written-response computationqa_stats.py, sha256 74a61f3a96169da9. wfacts.py, sha256 b85fae20adf812a1. prose_gen.py, sha256 c277d2c752f8d88f. build_indicator.py, sha256 da3473bd56a4a7b9
Written-response recordsENG_Engagement_Phase.qa.json, sha256 b353d542629b1c67. ENG_Engagement_Phase.wfacts.json, sha256 9ebb3e600a1642ca. Prose ENG_Engagement_Phase.json, sha256 d55bcfa39dbe0b4e

Continue the report

Executive summary →
Overview

Executive Summary

Four findings from 150 engagements

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Introduction

Introduction

Scope, evidence, and how the report is organized

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Part 1

Engagement Outcomes

Poor results on every measure, and what separates them

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Part 2

The Five Failure Categories

Where failure concentrates, category by category

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Part 3

Governance, Oversight, and Control

Controls that existed in name only

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Part 4

The Delivery Workforce

Early in their careers, dissatisfied, and many intending to leave

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Part 5

Manual Alteration

How the delivery team altered the work to sustain it

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Part 6

Executive Action Plan

Seven immediate actions and a first-year plan

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Appendices

Appendices

Definitions, indicator inventory, method, and disclosures

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Data

Study Data

Deep-dive analyses of the study indicators, published in stages

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