Study Data · Part 4 · Indicator Deep-Dive Analysis

How many years have you been working in the outsourcing industry?

Indicator C009 · By Phil Hatch · Akholi · October 9, 2026

Indicator Specification

Table 1. Indicator specificationTable
FieldValue
Indicator codeC009
Question as askedHow many years have you been working in the outsourcing industry?
Failure categoryNot one of the 100 rated indicators
Place in the surveyRespondent Demographics > 1.2 Experience and Expertise > Tenure
Indicator classRespondent level
Indicator typeTyped number
Response scaleA number, as typed or recorded
Answering base806 of 850 respondents, across 150 of 150 engagements
Non-answersI do not know 0, I prefer to not answer 0, blank 44

Summary of Findings

Table 2. Key results: association of the indicator with the four study measuresTable
MeasureFormnr95% CIp
Cancellation rateDescriptive contrast150 engagements−0.04−0.20 to 0.120.617
Customer satisfactionClean estimate94 engagements0.06−0.15 to 0.260.573
Engagement indicator meanFull150 engagements0.07−0.09 to 0.220.415
Intent to leaveRespondent level, clustered758 respondents−0.07−0.14 to −0.010.025

Respondents typed the number of years they had worked in the outsourcing industry. The mean answer was 2.6 years and the median 1.0, from 0 to 17 (n = 806 respondents). An answer of zero, recorded as under one year, came from 112 respondents.

The engagement mean of experience was not associated with cancellation (r = −0.04, 95% CI −0.20 to 0.12, p = 0.617, n = 150 engagements), customer satisfaction among active engagements (r = 0.06, 95% CI −0.15 to 0.26, p = 0.573, n = 94 engagements) or the engagement indicator mean (r = 0.07, 95% CI −0.09 to 0.22, p = 0.415, n = 150 engagements), and each association was equivalent to zero. At respondent level, more experienced respondents reported lower intent to leave (r = −0.07, cluster bootstrap 95% CI −0.14 to −0.01, p = 0.025 with standard errors clustered by engagement, n = 758 respondents), an association small enough to be equivalent to zero as well. The association did not hold when the thin-base segments were removed. Industry experience differed sharply by role: individual contributors had a mean of 1.3 years, engagement managers 6.4 and portfolio directors 9.7.

Distribution of Responses

Table 3. Distribution of responses, respondent levelTable
AnswerRespondentsShare of answered (base 806)Cumulative shareEngagements with at least oneShare of 150 engagementsDistressed
0.0 to 1.741351.24%51.24%14999.33%Not applicable
1.7 to 3.422828.29%79.53%12583.33%Not applicable
3.4 to 5.1577.07%86.60%5536.67%Not applicable
5.1 to 6.8212.61%89.21%2114.00%Not applicable
6.8 to 8.5344.22%93.42%3322.00%Not applicable
8.5 to 10.2202.48%95.91%2013.33%Not applicable
10.2 to 11.9161.99%97.89%1610.67%Not applicable
11.9 to 13.691.12%99.01%96.00%Not applicable
13.6 to 15.350.62%99.63%53.33%Not applicable
15.3 to 17.030.37%100.00%32.00%Not applicable
I do not know0Not in baseNot in base00.00%Not applicable
I prefer to not answer0Not in baseNot in base00.00%Not applicable
Answered, total806100.00%150100.00%
Table 4. Distribution of responses, engagement levelTable
Engagement level summaryEngagementsMean of engagement meansSDMinMedianMaxEngagements with a distressed meanShare of engagements distressed
Engagement means, as recorded1502.61.00.82.35.6Not applicableNot applicable

Industry experience is a typed count of years and not a rating, so no distressed range applies. Answers concentrated at the low end: 413 of the 806 answers (51.24%) were under 1.7 years, and 87 (10.79%) were 7 years or more. No respondent answered I do not know or I prefer to not answer, and 112 answers of zero are counted as under one year. The engagement mean of experience ran from 0.8 to 5.6 years.

Descriptive Statistics by Segment

Table 5a. Descriptive statistics by segment, part 1 of 2Table
SegmentBaseAnsweredAnswer rateEngagementsMean95% CISD
Study set85080694.82% of 8501502.62.4 to 2.83.0
Outsourcing model
CXM23221893.97% of 232422.72.3 to 3.13.0
ITO24423596.31% of 244402.52.1 to 2.92.8
BPO20919492.82% of 209372.42.0 to 2.82.8
KPO16515996.36% of 165312.72.2 to 3.23.4
Institution type
Asset management13212896.97% of 132242.52.0 to 3.02.9
Wealth management and private banking14012992.14% of 140232.52.0 to 3.02.8
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)10510196.19% of 105192.51.9 to 3.13.1
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)787494.87% of 78142.61.9 to 3.33.1
Commercial and business banking827996.34% of 82132.61.9 to 3.22.8
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)716997.18% of 71132.61.8 to 3.33.2
Credit card and payments issuing736791.78% of 73122.72.0 to 3.53.0
Retail and consumer banking736994.52% of 73122.92.0 to 3.73.6
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)575392.98% of 57112.21.6 to 2.72.0
Private equity and private capital393794.87% of 3992.81.7 to 3.93.3
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions24823293.55% of 248472.52.1 to 2.92.9
Technology engineering and operations20419696.08% of 204352.52.1 to 2.92.7
Client servicing and communications948994.68% of 94162.51.9 to 3.13.0
Trade, settlement and reconciliation807796.25% of 80152.61.9 to 3.33.1
Payments, cards and disputes736994.52% of 73122.82.0 to 3.73.5
Credit, underwriting and suitability575392.98% of 5792.71.9 to 3.63.2
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal514792.16% of 5193.01.9 to 4.13.7
Financial crime and client onboarding4343100.00% of 4372.21.2 to 3.13.0
Class of work
LOB Operational45142995.12% of 451762.62.3 to 2.93.2
Corporate Functional39937794.49% of 399742.52.2 to 2.82.8
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out17516896.00% of 175312.52.1 to 3.02.8
Active, Transition/Cut-Over25023594.00% of 250432.62.2 to 3.03.0
Active, Production10310097.09% of 103202.62.0 to 3.23.0
Canceled32230394.10% of 322562.52.1 to 2.83.1
Respondent role
Individual Contributor66762393.40% of 6671501.31.2 to 1.30.9
Engagement Manager150150100.00% of 1501506.45.9 to 6.93.0
Portfolio Director3131100.00% of 31319.78.4 to 11.13.8
Customer Management Executive222 of 22‡
Vendor type
IT services major31630195.25% of 316592.62.3 to 3.03.0
BPO specialist19818593.43% of 198372.52.1 to 2.92.8
Consulting firm11711396.58% of 117232.62.0 to 3.23.3
Boutique or specialist provider878395.40% of 87173.02.2 to 3.73.5
Pure-play agentic AI firm757194.67% of 75142.72.0 to 3.42.8
Not reported, recovered by engagement575392.98% of 57441.51.0 to 2.01.9
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.
Table 5b. Descriptive statistics by segment, part 2 of 2Table
SegmentMinQ1MedianQ3MaxDistressed nDistressed %
Study set0.01.01.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Outsourcing model
CXM0.01.02.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
ITO0.01.01.03.015.0Not applicableNot applicable
BPO0.01.01.03.014.0Not applicableNot applicable
KPO0.01.01.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Institution type
Asset management0.01.01.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Wealth management and private banking0.01.01.03.015.0Not applicableNot applicable
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)0.01.01.03.013.0Not applicableNot applicable
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)0.01.02.03.014.0Not applicableNot applicable
Commercial and business banking0.01.01.03.014.0Not applicableNot applicable
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)0.01.01.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Credit card and payments issuing0.01.02.03.012.0Not applicableNot applicable
Retail and consumer banking0.01.02.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)0.01.02.03.010.0Not applicableNot applicable
Private equity and private capital0.01.01.05.015.0Not applicableNot applicable
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions0.01.02.03.015.0Not applicableNot applicable
Technology engineering and operations0.01.01.03.013.0Not applicableNot applicable
Client servicing and communications0.01.01.02.013.0Not applicableNot applicable
Trade, settlement and reconciliation0.01.01.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Payments, cards and disputes0.01.01.04.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Credit, underwriting and suitability0.01.02.03.014.0Not applicableNot applicable
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal0.01.01.04.015.0Not applicableNot applicable
Financial crime and client onboarding0.01.01.02.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Class of work
LOB Operational0.01.01.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Corporate Functional0.01.02.03.015.0Not applicableNot applicable
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out0.01.02.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Active, Transition/Cut-Over0.01.01.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Active, Production0.01.01.03.012.0Not applicableNot applicable
Canceled0.01.01.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Respondent role
Individual Contributor0.01.01.02.04.0Not applicableNot applicable
Engagement Manager2.04.06.08.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Portfolio Director3.06.510.012.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Customer Management Executive‡ n = 2
Vendor type
IT services major0.01.01.03.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
BPO specialist0.01.01.03.014.0Not applicableNot applicable
Consulting firm0.01.01.02.017.0Not applicableNot applicable
Boutique or specialist provider0.01.02.03.517.0Not applicableNot applicable
Pure-play agentic AI firm0.01.02.03.012.0Not applicableNot applicable
Not reported, recovered by engagement0.01.01.02.013.0Not applicableNot applicable
Note: ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

Every figure in the segment tables is at respondent level. Segments with fewer than 30 respondents carry no interval. Segments with fewer than 10 report counts only.

Tests of Difference Between Segments

Table 6a. Tests of difference between segments, part 1 of 2Table
Segment familyWelch FdfpHolm pOmega squared90% CI
Outsourcing model1.023, 78.20.3891.000−0.0020.000 to 0.050
Institution type0.338, 49.40.9521.000−0.0350.000 to 0.011
Process family0.094, 37.90.9851.000−0.0280.000 to 0.000
Class of work0.161, 147.40.6901.000−0.0060.000 to 0.025
Engagement status and lifecycle stage0.133, 64.60.9431.000−0.0180.000 to 0.002
Respondent role297.162, 67.3< 0.001< 0.0010.6890.664 to 0.712
Vendor type3.265, 244.00.0070.0430.0040.000 to 0.019
Table 6b. Tests of difference between segments, part 2 of 2Table
Segment familyKruskal-Wallis HpDistressed chi-squaredfpCramer's VLevels excluded
Outsourcing model1.890.596Not applicableNot applicableNot applicableNot applicableNone
Institution type3.740.880Not applicableNot applicableNot applicableNot applicablePrivate equity and private capital, n = 9
Process family0.140.998Not applicableNot applicableNot applicableNot applicableCredit, underwriting and suitability, n = 9, Regulatory, audit, tax and legal, n = 9, Financial crime and client onboarding, n = 7
Class of work0.000.991Not applicableNot applicableNot applicableNot applicableNone
Engagement status and lifecycle stage1.580.665Not applicableNot applicableNot applicableNot applicableNone
Respondent role426.93< 0.001Not applicableNot applicableNot applicableNot applicableCustomer Management Executive, n = 2
Vendor type7.130.211Not applicableNot applicableNot applicableNot applicableNone

Segment families recorded at engagement level were tested on engagement means, and none differed after Holm correction. Respondent role and vendor type were tested on respondents. Industry experience differed by role (Welch F 297.16, Holm p < 0.001, omega squared 0.689): individual contributors had a mean of 1.3 years (n = 623), engagement managers 6.4 (n = 150) and portfolio directors 9.7 (n = 31). The customer management executive level, with two respondents, did not enter the test. Industry experience also differed by vendor type (Welch F 3.26, Holm p = 0.043), a small effect (omega squared 0.004).

Association with Cancellation Rate

Cancellation rate is the share of engagements canceled by the study date, measured at engagement level (150 engagements, 56 canceled). Canceled engagements were described after cancellation. The association is therefore a descriptive contrast and not a forecast of cancellation.

Table 7a. Association with cancellation rate by segment, part 1 of 2Table
SegmentEngagementsCanceledCancellation ratePoint-biserial r95% CIpHolm p
Study set1505637.33% of 150−0.04−0.20 to 0.120.6171.000
Outsourcing model
CXM421535.71% of 42−0.15−0.43 to 0.160.3441.000
ITO401537.50% of 40−0.03−0.34 to 0.290.8691.000
BPO371437.84% of 37−0.15−0.46 to 0.180.3601.000
KPO311238.71% of 310.17−0.20 to 0.500.3591.000
Institution type
Asset management241354.17% of 240.12†0.5781.000
Wealth management and private banking23834.78% of 23−0.15†0.4921.000
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)19947.37% of 190.20†0.4231.000
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)14535.71% of 140.37†0.1971.000
Commercial and business banking13430.77% of 13−0.36†0.2311.000
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)13323.08% of 130.16†0.5931.000
Credit card and payments issuing12541.67% of 12−0.30†0.3361.000
Retail and consumer banking12433.33% of 12−0.37†0.2381.000
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)11327.27% of 11−0.32†0.3341.000
Private equity and private capital922 of 9‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions471940.43% of 470.02−0.27 to 0.310.8831.000
Technology engineering and operations351028.57% of 35−0.20−0.50 to 0.140.2391.000
Client servicing and communications16956.25% of 160.08†0.7791.000
Trade, settlement and reconciliation15853.33% of 150.41†0.1251.000
Payments, cards and disputes12216.67% of 12−0.41†0.1821.000
Credit, underwriting and suitability911 of 9‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal944 of 9‡
Financial crime and client onboarding733 of 7‡
Class of work
LOB Operational763039.47% of 76−0.10−0.32 to 0.130.4071.000
Corporate Functional742635.14% of 740.02−0.21 to 0.250.8721.000
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out3100.00% of 31a
Active, Transition/Cut-Over4300.00% of 43a
Active, Production2000.00% of 20a
Canceled5656100.00% of 56a
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported. a Not tested: no variation in cancellation.
Table 7b. Association with cancellation rate by segment, part 2 of 2Table
SegmentOdds ratio per point95% CIAUCRate, distressed engagementsRate, other engagementsFisher pTOST p
Study set0.920.65 to 1.290.56Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable< 0.001
Outsourcing model
CXM0.720.37 to 1.410.62Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.161
ITO0.940.48 to 1.840.54Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.043
BPO0.650.26 to 1.610.64Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.186
KPO1.370.71 to 2.670.58Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.234
Institution type
Asset management1.29† n = 240.52Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.193
Wealth management and private banking0.72† n = 230.67Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.241
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)1.52† n = 190.55Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.327
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)4.05† n = 140.72Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.599
Commercial and business banking0.28† n = 130.72Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.581
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)1.44† n = 130.67Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.324
Credit card and payments issuing0.50† n = 120.69Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.506
Retail and consumer banking0.47† n = 120.72Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.592
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)0.33† n = 110.71Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.527
Private equity and private capital‡ n = 9
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions1.050.57 to 1.940.51Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.028
Technology engineering and operations0.560.22 to 1.460.64Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.281
Client servicing and communications1.19† n = 160.52Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.200
Trade, settlement and reconciliation4.22† n = 150.65Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.675
Payments, cards and disputes0.00† n = 120.95Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.651
Credit, underwriting and suitability‡ n = 9
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal‡ n = 9
Financial crime and client onboarding‡ n = 7
Class of work
LOB Operational0.820.51 to 1.310.61Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.035
Corporate Functional1.040.63 to 1.740.51Not applicableNot applicableNot applicable0.007
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Outa
Active, Transition/Cut-Overa
Active, Productiona
Canceleda
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported. a Not tested: no variation in cancellation.

Across the study set, the engagement mean of experience was not associated with cancellation (r = −0.04, 95% CI −0.20 to 0.12, Holm p = 1.000, n = 150 engagements). The association held after Holm correction in none of the 20 segment levels tested.

Association with Customer Satisfaction

Customer satisfaction is the percentage recorded against each engagement. The primary estimate uses the 94 active engagements. A descriptive contrast uses all 150 engagements.

Table 8a. Association with customer satisfaction by segment, part 1 of 2Table
SegmentActive engagementsClean r95% CIpHolm pSpearman rhop
Study set940.06−0.15 to 0.260.5731.0000.080.470
Outsourcing model
CXM270.11†0.5871.0000.180.365
ITO250.12†0.5751.0000.170.403
BPO230.11†0.6111.0000.050.804
KPO19−0.09†0.7161.000−0.130.606
Institution type
Asset management110.22†0.5101.0000.140.687
Wealth management and private banking150.07†0.8081.0000.030.914
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)10−0.09†0.8021.000−0.040.920
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)9‡
Commercial and business banking9‡
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)10−0.01†0.9751.0000.160.662
Credit card and payments issuing7‡
Retail and consumer banking8‡
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)8‡
Private equity and private capital7‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions280.37†0.0560.9480.410.032
Technology engineering and operations250.00†0.9831.000−0.010.973
Client servicing and communications7‡
Trade, settlement and reconciliation7‡
Payments, cards and disputes10−0.28†0.4391.000−0.180.626
Credit, underwriting and suitability8‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal5‡
Financial crime and client onboarding4‡
Class of work
LOB Operational46−0.10−0.38 to 0.200.5291.000−0.080.584
Corporate Functional480.26−0.03 to 0.500.0791.0000.240.099
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out310.05−0.31 to 0.390.8101.0000.000.999
Active, Transition/Cut-Over430.06−0.25 to 0.350.7091.0000.050.769
Active, Production200.06†0.7931.0000.030.911
Canceled0a
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported. a Not tested: canceled engagements fall outside the active population.
Table 8b. Association with customer satisfaction by segment, part 2 of 2Table
SegmentSlope, points per rating point95% CIR squaredTOST pAll engagementsDescriptive rp
Study set0.75−1.88 to 3.380.000.0081500.060.457
Outsourcing model
CXM1.35† n = 270.010.164420.170.273
ITO1.42† n = 250.010.185400.050.757
BPO1.50† n = 230.010.189370.200.242
KPO−1.17† n = 190.010.18931−0.160.391
Institution type
Asset management3.17† n = 110.050.40824−0.050.804
Wealth management and private banking0.67† n = 150.000.202230.160.461
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)−1.43† n = 100.010.28219−0.190.427
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)‡ n = 9
Commercial and business banking‡ n = 9
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)−0.15† n = 100.000.21513−0.140.659
Credit card and payments issuing‡ n = 7
Retail and consumer banking‡ n = 8
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)‡ n = 8
Private equity and private capital‡ n = 7
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions4.95† n = 280.130.644470.060.676
Technology engineering and operations−0.06† n = 250.000.076350.180.292
Client servicing and communications‡ n = 7
Trade, settlement and reconciliation‡ n = 7
Payments, cards and disputes−2.46† n = 100.080.473120.270.401
Credit, underwriting and suitability‡ n = 8
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal‡ n = 5
Financial crime and client onboarding‡ n = 4
Class of work
LOB Operational−1.34−5.59 to 2.910.010.080760.090.461
Corporate Functional2.91−0.35 to 6.170.070.375740.040.759
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out0.49−3.62 to 4.600.000.081310.050.810
Active, Transition/Cut-Over0.79−3.47 to 5.050.000.056430.060.709
Active, Production0.82†0.000.154200.060.793
Canceleda
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported. a Not tested: canceled engagements fall outside the active population.

Across the active engagements, the engagement mean of experience was not associated with customer satisfaction (r = 0.06, 95% CI −0.15 to 0.26, Holm p = 1.000, n = 94 engagements). The association held after Holm correction in none of the 16 segment levels tested.

Association with the Engagement Indicator Mean

The engagement indicator mean is the mean of an engagement's ratings across the rated indicators, measured at engagement level (150 engagements). Industry experience is not a rated indicator and does not enter the mean.

Table 9a. Association with the engagement indicator mean by segment, part 1 of 2Table
SegmentEngagementsLeave-one-out r95% CIpHolm pSpearman rhop
Study set1500.07−0.09 to 0.220.4151.0000.120.158
Outsourcing model
CXM420.06−0.25 to 0.360.6891.0000.100.548
ITO400.19−0.13 to 0.470.2521.0000.210.183
BPO370.23−0.10 to 0.510.1751.0000.300.071
KPO31−0.19−0.51 to 0.170.3021.000−0.170.350
Institution type
Asset management24−0.03†0.8791.000−0.010.965
Wealth management and private banking230.10†0.6371.0000.190.384
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)190.07†0.7821.0000.170.493
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)14−0.39†0.1671.000−0.380.185
Commercial and business banking130.15†0.6171.0000.140.658
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)130.01†0.9841.0000.010.971
Credit card and payments issuing120.38†0.2181.0000.330.301
Retail and consumer banking120.29†0.3651.0000.280.372
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)110.29†0.3811.0000.160.639
Private equity and private capital9‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions470.04−0.25 to 0.320.8121.0000.050.750
Technology engineering and operations350.25−0.09 to 0.540.1501.0000.200.260
Client servicing and communications16−0.04†0.8891.000−0.020.939
Trade, settlement and reconciliation15−0.22†0.4221.000−0.140.620
Payments, cards and disputes120.19†0.5461.0000.340.276
Credit, underwriting and suitability9‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal9‡
Financial crime and client onboarding7‡
Class of work
LOB Operational760.05−0.17 to 0.280.6491.0000.160.163
Corporate Functional740.08−0.15 to 0.310.4721.0000.090.451
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out310.11−0.25 to 0.450.5481.0000.120.537
Active, Transition/Cut-Over430.03−0.28 to 0.320.8731.0000.000.978
Active, Production200.10†0.6651.0000.020.919
Canceled560.03−0.24 to 0.290.8481.0000.120.392
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.
Table 9b. Association with the engagement indicator mean by segment, part 2 of 2Table
Segmentr with indicator includedChange in rSlope95% CIR squaredTOST pEquivalent
Study setNot a component0.10−0.14 to 0.340.000.002Yes
Outsourcing model
CXMNot a component0.10−0.41 to 0.610.000.062No
ITONot a component0.24−0.18 to 0.670.030.229No
BPONot a component0.38−0.17 to 0.930.050.325No
KPONot a component−0.28−0.83 to 0.270.040.270No
Institution type
Asset managementNot a component−0.05† n = 240.000.102No
Wealth management and private bankingNot a component0.15† n = 230.010.180No
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)Not a component0.08† n = 190.000.167No
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)Not a component−0.96† n = 140.150.634No
Commercial and business bankingNot a component0.27† n = 130.020.312No
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)Not a component0.01† n = 130.000.169No
Credit card and payments issuingNot a component0.51† n = 120.150.612No
Retail and consumer bankingNot a component0.35† n = 120.080.484No
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)Not a component0.44† n = 110.090.492No
Private equity and private capital‡ n = 9
Process family
Corporate and back-office functionsNot a component0.06−0.44 to 0.560.000.035Yes
Technology engineering and operationsNot a component0.39−0.15 to 0.930.060.376No
Client servicing and communicationsNot a component−0.07† n = 160.000.164No
Trade, settlement and reconciliationNot a component−0.30† n = 150.050.389No
Payments, cards and disputesNot a component0.20† n = 120.040.367No
Credit, underwriting and suitability‡ n = 9
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal‡ n = 9
Financial crime and client onboarding‡ n = 7
Class of work
LOB OperationalNot a component0.08−0.26 to 0.420.000.014Yes
Corporate FunctionalNot a component0.13−0.23 to 0.500.010.029Yes
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-OutNot a component0.13−0.32 to 0.580.010.149No
Active, Transition/Cut-OverNot a component0.03−0.37 to 0.440.000.036Yes
Active, ProductionNot a component0.16† n = 200.010.198No
CanceledNot a component0.01−0.14 to 0.170.000.020Yes
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

The engagement mean of experience was not associated with the engagement indicator mean (r = 0.07, 95% CI −0.09 to 0.22, Holm p = 1.000, n = 150 engagements). The association held after Holm correction in none of the 24 segment levels tested. At respondent level, with standard errors clustered by engagement, more experienced respondents gave slightly higher ratings of their own (r = 0.15, cluster bootstrap 95% CI 0.09 to 0.20, p < 0.001, n = 806 respondents).

Association with Intent to Leave

Intent to leave is the answer to C019, “How likely are you to leave your current job in the next 12 months?”, rated 1 to 10. It is measured at respondent level on up to 798 respondents, with the engagement-level form reported alongside.

Table 10a. Association with intent to leave by segment, part 1 of 2Table
SegmentRespondentsr95% CICluster bootstrap 95% CIpHolm p
Study set758−0.07−0.14 to 0.00−0.14 to −0.010.0431.000
Outsourcing model
CXM202−0.12−0.26 to 0.02−0.23 to −0.010.0841.000
ITO225−0.03−0.16 to 0.10−0.15 to 0.090.6761.000
BPO183−0.13−0.27 to 0.02−0.23 to −0.020.0871.000
KPO1480.00−0.16 to 0.16−0.16 to 0.130.9731.000
Institution type
Asset management118−0.02−0.20 to 0.17−0.18 to 0.120.8711.000
Wealth management and private banking122−0.05−0.23 to 0.13−0.20 to 0.100.5561.000
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)940.02−0.18 to 0.22−0.15 to 0.170.8581.000
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)68−0.04−0.28 to 0.20−0.18 to 0.070.7251.000
Commercial and business banking74−0.12−0.34 to 0.12−0.31 to 0.050.3251.000
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)67−0.10−0.33 to 0.14−0.34 to 0.140.4181.000
Credit card and payments issuing64−0.16−0.39 to 0.09−0.35 to 0.030.2201.000
Retail and consumer banking63−0.14−0.38 to 0.11−0.32 to 0.050.2671.000
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)52−0.28−0.51 to −0.01−0.50 to 0.060.0461.000
Private equity and private capital360.07−0.26 to 0.39§ n = 90.6741.000
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions213−0.07−0.21 to 0.06−0.18 to 0.020.2921.000
Technology engineering and operations187−0.02−0.16 to 0.12−0.15 to 0.100.7761.000
Client servicing and communications84−0.05−0.26 to 0.17−0.23 to 0.140.6651.000
Trade, settlement and reconciliation720.10−0.14 to 0.32−0.06 to 0.220.4171.000
Payments, cards and disputes66−0.21−0.43 to 0.03−0.36 to −0.040.0901.000
Credit, underwriting and suitability490.04−0.25 to 0.31§ n = 90.8041.000
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal45−0.20−0.46 to 0.10§ n = 90.1941.000
Financial crime and client onboarding42−0.24−0.51 to 0.07§ n = 70.1271.000
Class of work
LOB Operational403−0.09−0.18 to 0.01−0.18 to 0.000.0851.000
Corporate Functional355−0.06−0.16 to 0.05−0.14 to 0.020.2751.000
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out159−0.17−0.32 to −0.01−0.27 to −0.090.0341.000
Active, Transition/Cut-Over224−0.13−0.25 to 0.00−0.26 to 0.000.0561.000
Active, Production92−0.03−0.23 to 0.17−0.19 to 0.160.7681.000
Canceled2830.00−0.12 to 0.12−0.12 to 0.110.9901.000
Respondent role
Individual Contributor576−0.08−0.16 to 0.00−0.16 to 0.000.0551.000
Engagement Manager150−0.05−0.21 to 0.11−0.23 to 0.120.5181.000
Portfolio Director310.380.03 to 0.650.09 to 0.640.0331.000
Customer Management Executive1‡
Vendor type
IT services major287−0.04−0.15 to 0.08−0.14 to 0.060.5241.000
BPO specialist173−0.11−0.25 to 0.04−0.23 to 0.020.1671.000
Consulting firm105−0.07−0.26 to 0.12−0.29 to 0.130.4781.000
Boutique or specialist provider75−0.15−0.36 to 0.08−0.31 to 0.010.2091.000
Pure-play agentic AI firm68−0.14−0.37 to 0.10−0.30 to 0.010.2541.000
Not reported, recovered by engagement500.19−0.10 to 0.44−0.19 to 0.410.1931.000
Note: § Too few engagements for a cluster bootstrap interval. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.
Table 10b. Association with intent to leave by segment, part 2 of 2Table
SegmentSpearman rhopShare at 7 or above, distressedShare at 7 or above, otherEngagementsEngagement level r95% CITOST p
Study set−0.100.004Not applicableNot applicable150−0.11−0.26 to 0.050.007
Outsourcing model
CXM−0.090.211Not applicableNot applicable42−0.17−0.45 to 0.140.191
ITO−0.110.094Not applicableNot applicable40−0.08−0.38 to 0.240.080
BPO−0.130.091Not applicableNot applicable37−0.31−0.58 to 0.010.532
KPO−0.070.428Not applicableNot applicable310.16−0.21 to 0.490.217
Institution type
Asset management−0.100.293Not applicableNot applicable24−0.12†0.195
Wealth management and private banking−0.090.321Not applicableNot applicable23−0.11†0.181
Investment banking (advisory and capital-markets origination)−0.040.708Not applicableNot applicable190.20†0.332
Insurance (life, property and casualty, health)−0.020.840Not applicableNot applicable140.15†0.300
Commercial and business banking−0.140.234Not applicableNot applicable13−0.01†0.170
Payments and merchant acquiring (networks, acquiring, processing)−0.140.266Not applicableNot applicable13−0.10†0.253
Credit card and payments issuing−0.180.165Not applicableNot applicable12−0.34†0.556
Retail and consumer banking−0.150.246Not applicableNot applicable12−0.28†0.479
Markets and trading (sales and trading, global markets)−0.140.318Not applicableNot applicable11−0.57†0.829
Private equity and private capital−0.020.918Not applicableNot applicable9‡‡
Process family
Corporate and back-office functions−0.120.077Not applicableNot applicable47−0.14−0.41 to 0.150.133
Technology engineering and operations−0.110.151Not applicableNot applicable35−0.06−0.39 to 0.280.080
Client servicing and communications−0.010.961Not applicableNot applicable16−0.09†0.215
Trade, settlement and reconciliation0.060.641Not applicableNot applicable150.17†0.318
Payments, cards and disputes−0.210.098Not applicableNot applicable12−0.23†0.413
Credit, underwriting and suitability−0.140.348Not applicableNot applicable9‡‡
Regulatory, audit, tax and legal−0.180.244Not applicableNot applicable9‡‡
Financial crime and client onboarding−0.020.882Not applicableNot applicable7‡‡
Class of work
LOB Operational−0.100.049Not applicableNot applicable76−0.11−0.33 to 0.120.043
Corporate Functional−0.100.055Not applicableNot applicable74−0.11−0.33 to 0.130.043
Engagement status and lifecycle stage
Active, Build-Out−0.170.035Not applicableNot applicable31−0.16−0.49 to 0.210.217
Active, Transition/Cut-Over−0.130.054Not applicableNot applicable43−0.08−0.37 to 0.230.072
Active, Production−0.060.595Not applicableNot applicable200.00†0.102
Canceled−0.030.561Not applicableNot applicable56−0.04−0.30 to 0.230.024
Respondent role
Individual Contributor−0.080.044Not applicableNot applicable150−0.06−0.22 to 0.100.001
Engagement Manager−0.080.344Not applicableNot applicable150−0.05−0.21 to 0.11< 0.001
Portfolio Director0.400.026Not applicableNot applicable310.380.03 to 0.650.692
Customer Management Executive‡ n = 1
Vendor type
IT services major−0.090.135Not applicableNot applicable59−0.05−0.30 to 0.210.026
BPO specialist−0.100.201Not applicableNot applicable37−0.17−0.47 to 0.160.212
Consulting firm−0.130.196Not applicableNot applicable230.01†0.088
Boutique or specialist provider−0.170.153Not applicableNot applicable17−0.14†0.261
Pure-play agentic AI firm−0.160.186Not applicableNot applicable14−0.41†0.658
Not reported, recovered by engagement0.070.622Not applicableNot applicable420.23−0.08 to 0.500.309
Note: † Base under 30. No interval is reported. ‡ Base under 10. No statistic is reported.

More experienced respondents reported lower intent to leave (r = −0.07, cluster bootstrap 95% CI −0.14 to −0.01, p = 0.025 with standard errors clustered by engagement, n = 758 respondents). The engagement-level form did not reach 0.05 (r = −0.11, 95% CI −0.26 to 0.05, n = 150 engagements). In the segment table, where the study-set row is corrected together with the segment levels, the study-set row gave Holm p = 1.000, and the association held in none of the 37 segment levels.

Comparison of Associations Across the Four Measures

Table 11. Associations across the four measuresTable
MeasureFormUnitnr95% CIpEquivalent to zeroRank among the four
Cancellation rateDescriptive contrastEngagement150−0.04−0.20 to 0.120.617Yes4
Customer satisfactionClean estimateEngagement940.06−0.15 to 0.260.573Yes3
Engagement indicator meanFullEngagement1500.07−0.09 to 0.220.415Yes2
Intent to leaveRespondent level, clusteredRespondent758−0.07−0.14 to −0.010.025Yes1
Table 12. Pairwise comparison of associationsTable
Pair comparedDifference in rSteiger zpHolm pReading
Cancellation rate and customer satisfaction−0.02−0.700.4861.000Did not differ
Cancellation rate and engagement indicator mean−0.03−0.420.6741.000Did not differ
Cancellation rate and intent to leave−0.04−0.720.4701.000Did not differ
Customer satisfaction and engagement indicator mean−0.01−0.130.8971.000Did not differ
Customer satisfaction and intent to leave−0.02−0.460.6451.000Did not differ
Engagement indicator mean and intent to leave−0.01−0.240.8071.000Did not differ

The four associations were compared in pairs on their engagement-level forms, each oriented so that a higher value is the better outcome, across the 150 engagements with all four measures. After Holm correction, none of the six pairs differed. Every association was weak.

Clustering and Effective Sample Size

Table 13. Clustering and effective sample sizeTable
StatisticValueReading
Clusters (engagements)150Engagements with one or more answers.
Mean respondents per engagement5.4Answers per engagement, among engagements with one or more answers.
ICC(1)−0.10Share of the variance that lies between engagements.
Design effect1.00One plus the product of the ICC and the mean cluster size less one.
Nominal respondent n806Respondents who answered.
Effective n806Nominal n divided by the design effect.
Cluster bootstrap appliedNoApplied to every respondent-level interval where the ICC is 0.05 or above.

Industry experience did not cluster within engagements (ICC −0.10): respondents on the same engagement typed different values, as a team of individual contributors and one engagement manager would. The design effect was 1.00, and the effective n equaled the 806 answers. Respondent-level tests still used standard errors clustered by engagement.

Equivalence Tests of Null Results

Table 14. Equivalence tests of null resultsTable
MeasurenrEquivalence boundTOST p, lowerTOST p, upperEquivalent to zeroAchieved powerMDE at power 0.80Detection floor for this n
Cancellation rate150−0.04|r| < 0.30< 0.001< 0.001Yes0.960.230.23
Customer satisfaction940.06|r| < 0.30< 0.0010.008Yes0.840.290.23
Engagement indicator mean1500.07|r| < 0.30< 0.0010.002Yes0.960.230.23
Intent to leave758, effective 758−0.07|r| < 0.30< 0.001< 0.001Yes1.000.100.23

All four associations were equivalent to zero. Intent to leave was both different from zero and equivalent to zero: the association is detectable in 758 respondents and smaller than the bound of a meaningful effect. The detection floor shown is the study floor at 150 engagements.

Robustness Checks

Table 15. Robustness checksTable
CheckMeasurePrimary rCheck r95% CIChangeConclusion holds
Rank correlation in place of PearsonCancellation rate−0.04−0.10a−0.06Yes
Rank correlation in place of PearsonCustomer satisfaction0.060.08a0.02Yes
Rank correlation in place of PearsonEngagement indicator mean0.070.12a0.05Yes
Rank correlation in place of PearsonIntent to leave−0.07−0.10a−0.03Yes
Non-answers excluded, then imputed at the engagement meanIntent to leave−0.07−0.07a0.00Yes
Active engagements onlyEngagement indicator mean0.070.07−0.14 to 0.270.00Yes
Active engagements onlyIntent to leave−0.07−0.12−0.21 to −0.03−0.04Yes
Most influential engagement removed (largest Cook's distance)Cancellation rate−0.04−0.07−0.23 to 0.09−0.03Yes
Most influential engagement removed (largest Cook's distance)Customer satisfaction0.060.09−0.12 to 0.290.03Yes
Most influential engagement removed (largest Cook's distance)Engagement indicator mean0.070.09−0.07 to 0.240.02Yes
Most influential engagement removed (largest Cook's distance)Intent to leave−0.07−0.08−0.15 to −0.01−0.01Yes
Engagements weighted by respondent countCancellation rate−0.04−0.06a−0.02Yes
Engagements weighted by respondent countCustomer satisfaction0.060.04a−0.02Yes
Engagements weighted by respondent countEngagement indicator mean0.070.07a0.00Yes
Bootstrap of engagementsCancellation rate−0.04−0.04−0.21 to 0.120.00Yes
Bootstrap of engagementsCustomer satisfaction0.060.06−0.13 to 0.250.00Yes
Bootstrap of engagementsEngagement indicator mean0.070.07−0.09 to 0.230.00Yes
Bootstrap of engagementsIntent to leave−0.07−0.07−0.14 to −0.010.00Yes
Thin-base segments removedCancellation rate−0.04−0.07−0.28 to 0.15−0.03Yes
Thin-base segments removedCustomer satisfaction0.060.22−0.05 to 0.460.16Yes
Thin-base segments removedEngagement indicator mean0.070.11−0.10 to 0.320.05Yes
Thin-base segments removedIntent to leave−0.07−0.05−0.15 to 0.050.02No
Note: a No interval for this check.

Each change was computed before rounding and may differ by 0.01 from the difference between the two printed values.

Twenty-one of the 22 checks held. A check holds when its test falls on the same side of 0.05 as the primary test. One check failed: with the thin-base segments removed, the association with intent to leave was r = −0.05, p = 0.222. The primary result for intent to leave therefore depends on the engagements in the smallest segments, and it is fragile.

The thin-base check removes the engagements in any level of outsourcing model or process family with fewer than 30 engagements. Institution type is not used for that check, because every one of its levels has fewer than 30 engagements.

Measure Independence and Part-Whole Correction

Each of the four measures was computed from data the indicator does not contain. Each result is therefore a finding and not an arithmetic consequence.

Comparison with the Study Norm

Table 16. Comparison with the study normTable
MeasureThe indicator, oriented rStudy median, oriented rDeviationFisher zpHolm p
Cancellation rate0.040.60−0.56−7.86< 0.001< 0.001
Customer satisfaction0.060.72−0.66−10.25< 0.001< 0.001
Engagement indicator mean0.070.84−0.77−13.85< 0.001< 0.001
Intent to leave0.080.71−0.63−9.84< 0.001< 0.001
Spread of deviations0.21
VerdictDivergent

Each deviation was computed before rounding and may differ by 0.01 from the difference between the two printed values.

The comparison covered 150 engagements. The indicator departed from the study's typical pattern on all four measures. The typical indicator is a rating with a strong association with each measure, with study medians from 0.60 to 0.84. Industry experience is not a rating, and its associations were weak.

Interpretation of the Data

The engagement mean of experience was not associated with cancellation, customer satisfaction or the engagement indicator mean, and each result was equivalent to zero. At respondent level, more experienced respondents reported slightly lower intent to leave and rated the engagement slightly higher. Both associations are small, and industry experience tracks role closely. Role was itself associated with intent to leave and with the respondents' own ratings (C005), so these associations cannot be separated from role here.

Limitations

The evidence is the reported experience of the vendor's delivery teams, collected in a single cross-section. The associations reported here are not causal. Canceled engagements were described after cancellation.

Industry experience is the respondents' typed report and not a record of employment. An answer of zero is counted as under one year.

Industry experience and role are closely aligned (omega squared 0.689). The analysis does not adjust for role, so the respondent-level associations with intent to leave and with the respondents' own ratings may reflect role rather than experience.

Definitions

Table 17. DefinitionsTable
TermDefinition
Response scaleA number of years, as typed by the respondent. An answer of zero is counted as under one year.
Answering baseRespondents who typed a number.
Non-answers“I do not know” and “I prefer to not answer” are counted separately. They are excluded from the answering base and from the mean.
Indicator classRespondent level: a property of the respondent rather than of the engagement.
Failure categoryThe five failure categories of the Study Taxonomy apply only to the rated indicators. The indicator carries none.
Engagement mean of experienceThe mean of the answers of an engagement's respondents, used in every engagement-level test.
Engagement indicator meanThe mean of an engagement's ratings across the rated indicators. The indicator does not enter it.
Cluster bootstrapAn interval computed by resampling engagements rather than respondents, so that the answers from one engagement stay together.
Clustered testA test whose standard error allows for the answers of respondents on the same engagement to be alike.

Sources and Provenance

Table 18. Sources and provenanceTable
SourceValue
Study dataStudy Data.xlsx, Data sheet, column C009, sha256 219eba0457274d04
Statistics enginecompute_statistics.py, sha256 738319eef764602b
Statistics recordComputed Statistics.json, record C009, sha256 1ae50a3637fc9370
ComputedOctober 13, 2026, 04:57 UTC
TemplateIndicator Template v2, version 2.0 of 10 October 2026
Figures placed by script2,408

Continue the report

Executive summary →
Overview

Executive Summary

Four findings from 150 engagements

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Introduction

Introduction

Scope, evidence, and how the report is organized

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Part 1

Engagement Outcomes

Poor results on every measure, and what separates them

Read →
Part 2

The Five Failure Categories

Where failure concentrates, category by category

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Part 3

Governance, Oversight, and Control

Controls that existed in name only

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Part 4

The Delivery Workforce

Early in their careers, dissatisfied, and many intending to leave

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Part 5

Manual Alteration

How the delivery team altered the work to sustain it

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Part 6

Executive Action Plan

Seven immediate actions and a first-year plan

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Appendices

Appendices

Definitions, indicator inventory, method, and disclosures

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Data

Study Data

Deep-dive analyses of the study indicators, published in stages

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